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SOVIET VOROSHILOV ACADEMY LECTURES
PRACTICAL LESSONS

 

OUTLINE FOR POI - DIVISION PLANNING



Instructor Notes:
Author: Jalali, Sloan, Wardak
Date: July 1990

 
 

LESSON VII: PRACTICAL EXERCISE IN DIVISION PLANNING

 

1. General:



2. Sublesson Introduction:



3. Teacher Learning Objective: Prepare students for roles of commander, chief of staff, and chief of operations at division headquarters.


Task: Describe the structure and organization of the division troop control organs.

Condition: Given recommended reading material (Chapter two of Handbook) and student handouts.

Standard: This topic is covered in lesson one and may be skipped here if the instructor believes the students have a good understanding of the subject. The subject is included here in case this lesson is presented separately from the others.


Task: Discuss the duties and responsibilities of the commander and principal staff officers.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts.

Standard: This subject is also covered in another lesson (two) and may be skipped. However, the instructor may wich to review the material in general and ask a few questions to insure that the students have learned it. Information is provided here on the duties of all the principal staff and chiefs of combat arms in case the instructor desires to expand the content of the class.


Task: Discuss the procedures used by the commander and staff to organize for combat including making the decision, and preparing the plan and directives.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts.

Standard: This subject is also studied in lesson three and may be skipped here. Or the instructor may use this opportunity for review and to refresh the students memory prior to beginning the practical exercises.


Task: Discuss the content of the commander's and staff's work during the conduct of combat actions.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts.

Standard: This topic was not covered in depth in previous lessons. It should be discussed prior to starting the practical exercise, since one of the exercises is to plan for the commitment of the division second echelon.


Task: Demonstrate to the students and test their ability to translate army initial instructions into actions to be taken by the division in ordering a regiment to deploy as a covering force. There are two exercises requiring calculations.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: This is the first of the practical exercises for division command and operations staff. The instructor should issue the initial instructions sent from army to the division and ask the students to take a minute to consider them and prepare the division's initial instructions. These instructions are quite brief and rather standard in form. The calculations of the time for the lead regiment and for the division main force to deploy make use of the standard formulas studied in lesson three. The solution is presented in considerable detail.


Task: Conduct clarrification of division mission including the basic calculations necessary to complete it.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: In this exercise the instructor will distribute the full combat directive sent from army to the division. This is the directive that the students will have examined during the lesson on army planning. The directive will be accompanied with an overlay showing only the division's boundaries and missions. They should be quite familiar with it and therefore able to discuss the army commander's intentions. The division commander's clarrification is in essence his appreciation of the army commander's intentions and the role of the division in achieving them. The solution requires measurement on the map. The instructor may prompt the student's in their discussion and show them how to solve the exercise. Since they will have done something similar for the army, they should be able to proceed through this part of the exercise fairly quickly.


Task: Lead students as they prepare the division time plan schedule for organizing the battle (Exercise four).

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: The instructor should issue a blank form for the time schedule and lead the students in a discussion of the principles for allocating time between the headquarters and subordinates. The times required for preparing estimate of the situation and planning and for occupation of FUP areas should be discussed. After the students fill in the table the instructor should issue a completed sample.


Task: Lead the class in preparation of the division initial instructions to subordinate regiments.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: The instructor will issue the exercise requirement and allow a few minutes for the students to write down their notes. He should then pass out sample initial instgructions.


Task: Show the students how to prepare the division correlation of forces estimate as required in exercise six.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: This exercise illustrates the procedure for calculating a prelimiary correlation of forces requirement based on the time factors and rate of advance called for in the army's combat directive. The nomogram for relating advance rate to correlation of forces is in Chapter Five of the Handbook and also is included in the material extracted for lesson three of this course. The students should receive all the necessary materials including these nomograms prior to the course.


Task: Assist the students as they determine the width of division sector and breakthrough sector as required in exercise seven.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: The division is told by army what the width of its sector will be and also what the width of its breakthrough sector will be. The army has to establish these in order to calculate the amount of artillery required to support the offensive. Nevertheless, the division commander wants to perform this calculation (or have his operations officer do it) in order to see how he might configure his regiments and organize their support.


Task: Assist the students to calculate the correlation of forces in the division area and make appropriate deductions as required in exercise eight. The exercise also calls for the students to determine the optimum time for commitment on the division second echelon on the basis of forcasts of changes in the correlation of forces during the combat action.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: This exercise may be used to test the ability of the students to use judgment in adjusting operations to conform to the correlations or find ways to change the correlations to meet the desires for operations. The instructor might prepare several different tables of correlation of forces with different quantities of enemy and friendly forces and then lead discussion on which is adequate and what to do about the ones that are not adequate. The forcast for time to commitment the division second-echelon should serve as basis for considerable discussion of various tactical aspects of the coming combat action.


Task: Assist the students as they layout the regimental boundaries for the battle.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: This activity may be performed with individual maps, if available to each student, or might be handled as a group discussion exercise with the instructor placing the boundaries on a large map on the wall on the basis of the consensus of student discussion.


Task: Assist the students to determine the deployment times for the attack as required in exercise nine.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: This important calculation was considered in lesson three. The calculation can be done using the individual formulas or by entering data in the table provided with lesson three. The main point is to emphasize the manner in which all times are carefully calculated and the entire operation is coordinated so that the movement of motor rifle and tank units corresponds to the times of artillery and air strikes on the defender's positions. The instructor should mention also that the activities of the engineer route clearing detachments should not be overlooked.


Task: Assist the students to prepare combat instructions to regiments.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: At this point in the development of the division planning the students will have enough information to sketch out the content of the division combat directive and the combat instructions that will be issued to each regiment. A sample of division combat instructions should be issued to the students for study.


Task: Assist the students to forcast the likely time division lead elements will meet enemy reserves during the battle as required in exercise ten.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: This exercise moves the discussion from consideration of activities taking place prior to combat to forcasting the outcome of the initial stages of the coming battle. The instructor should emphasize that this exercise is a standard Soviet activity of the commander and staff prior to the start of the battle and it is continually re-calculated during the combat. Forcasting the movements of enemy reserves and planning actions to counter them is certainly one of the most important of all the activities required during combat. The instructor may want to repeat this exercise by presenting different sets of data on locations and times and develop discussion on appropriate tactical responses.


Task: Assist the students to determine the missions for the division anti-tank reserve and requirements for anti-tank reserves according to the data given in exercise eleven.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: The details of norms for employment of anti-tank reserves are presented in the course on artillery planning. However the basic formulas and nomograms are in Chapter five of the Handbook and are provided here for the instructor to use in class. The instructor may need to lead the class rather closely through this one. It is important to show the students that the use of anti-tank weapons is or great concern to both the artillery chief and the operations chief.


Task: Assist the students to detemrine the time available for preparing missions to the anti-tank reserve as required in exercise twelve.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: The exercise considers the case of time available to prepare anti-tank units, but the same considerations and formulas are used for any similar situation with other types of weapons or units. The formula is given in Chapter five.


Task: Assist the students to plan the commitment of the division second echelon as required in exercise thirteen.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: This exercise is also related to artillery planning. It shows the close connection between the timing of artillery fire and movement of combined arms units. In this exercise the students use the formula for calculating the time and distance for movement and determine the duration of artillery preparatory fire. In the artillery planning lessons they calculate the quantity of ammunition to be fired and other aspects of interrest to artillery.


Task: Assist the students to determine the time required for forward detachments to overtake the retreating enemy as required in exercise fourteen.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: This exercise is a typical sample of the kind of calculations that must be performed practically continuously during the course of the battle. In this case theinstructor will refer the students to the exercise from lesson three in which the formula for calculating the time to overtake a retreating enemy was practiced.


Task: Discuss the facts considered by the division commander and chief of operations when planning to stop enemy counter-attacks. Show the students division combat instructions on counter-attacks as required in exercise fifteen.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: If there is time, the instructor should give the students an opportunity to make notes for the instructions that division will issue to the regiments and anti-tank reserve before passing out a sample text for their consideration.


Task: Discuss the issues involved with commitment of the division second echelon. Help the students prepare the necessary instructions or show them completed combat instructions on the second echelon regiment as required in exercise sixteen.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: If there is time, the instructor may want to give the students an opportuntiy to write combat instructions themselves before issuing samples. The instructions are very much the same in format at the instructions issued to subordinates at the beginning of the combat action.


Task: Assist the students to prepare division combat report to the army staff as required in exercise seventeen.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: Discuss the preparation of combat situation reports from division to army. Issue samples and discuss in the time available.


Task: Assist the students to prepare combat instructions to division forward detachment as required in exercise eighteen.

Condition: Given recommended reading material and student handouts with prepared sample maps, etc.

Standard: These instructions a similar in format to the other combat instructions already studied. The instructor will use the time available to discuss these instructions in as much detail as seems appropriate.



4. Level of Instruction: Analysis



5. Method of Instruction: Practical exercises:



6. Author's Intent: The lesson is designed to be presented either as a part of a course on Soviet operations planning following lessons on general principles and army and front planning or as a more independent, separate course. The information is taken from Chapters Two, Five, and Six of the Handbook on "Soviet Staff Procedures prepared for BCTP. When presented as part of a larger course, this lesson may be presented mostly as a practical exercise on division planning. In that case the instructor may prefer to hand out the text view graphs on the duties of division staff and their planning methods prior to class and expect the students to study them instead of his using them in a lecture.



7. Equipment/Materials plan maps, sample documents, viewgraphs



8. Homework: none, but the students should read ahead in the handout material between the first and second days of the course.



9. Annexes

Discussion agenda
Lecture notes
List of view graphs
Practical exercises

 
 

DISCUSSION AGENDA

The first part of this lesson describes the information contained in Chapter Two of the Handbook on Soviet Staff Procedures. If the lesson is presented separately to individuals not familiar with this chapter, the instructor will need to devote more time to explaining the concent of the individual view graphs, but if he feels the class already knows this material he can proceed more quickly to the practical exercises. In the main part of this lesson the class will preceed through a sequence of practical exercises in step by step fashion. The sequence parallels the actions taken by the commander and chief of operations in making decision for combat and planning the battle. The following points should be covered. No time schedule is suggested since the instructor will have to evaluate the state of the student's understanding and proceed quickly or slowly accordingly.

----- translate army initial instructions into actions to be taken by the division in ordering a regiment to deploy as a covering force.

----- conduct clarrification of division mission

----- prepare division time plan schedule for organizing the battle.

----- prepare division initial instructions to subordinate regiments.

----- prepare the division correlation of forces

----- determine the width of division sector and breakthrough sector.

----- calculate the correlation of forces in the division area and make appropriate deductions.

----- layout the regimental boundaries for the battle.

----- determine the deployment times for the attack

----- prepare combat instructions to regiments.

----- forcast the likely time division lead elements will meet enemy reserves during the battle.

----- determine the missions for the division anti-tank reserve and requirements for anti-tank reserves.

----- determine the time available for preparing missions to the anti-tank reserve

----- plan the commitment of the division second echelon.

----- determine the time required for forward detachments to overtake the retreating enemy.

----- prepare division combat instructions on counter-attacks

----- prepare combat instructions on the second echelon regiment.

----- prepare division combat report to the army staff.

----- prepare combat instructions to division forward detachment.


 
 

LECTURE NOTES


 
 

Army Initial Instructions to Division

The first word a division may receive of impending combat action may come in various ways. During peacetime the earliest warning most likely would come in the form of a direct, encrypted, electronic alert (warning) signal from the general staff. Upon receipt of this alarm signal the duty officer would order immediate evacuation of the garrison according to established alert procedures, while the division commander would take the emergency plan from the unit safe. This "alert" warning order generally is limited to the standard operating measures the division takes to clear its garrison and begin its mobilization process at its assembly area. Once this has been received and acted upon, or during the course of a war already begun, when the army commander wants to alert the division commander on forthcoming actions, he issues "Initial Instructions. The division would normally receive a warning order in the form of "Initial Instructions" sent from its parent army when the latter received its new mission from the front. The army commander's initial instructions focus on those measures which must be taken immediately to prepare for action pending receipt of further orders. A sample of army initial instructions is provided for class discussion.

 
 

Division Initial Instructions

Immediately upon receipt of the operations directive from army the division commander will clarify the division mission and issue a preliminary warning type order to subordinates in the form of "Initial Instructions". In these initial instructions the division commander focuses on those measures which must be taken immediately in order to prepare for further action. This document prescribes to subordinates the general preparatory actions they must take and alerts them to expect to receive specific instructions on the content of their missions. It may be that in most situations the regiments will have already done most of their preparations immediately on receipt of the alarm signal. The commander's orders are issued by the operations section either by electronic means or in writing, depending on the situation and requirements for secrecy and urgency for timeliness. A sample of the content of a division initial instructions is provided for class discussion.

 
 

Division Combat Order

The division operations section prepares the division combat order on the basis of the commander's decision. The same decision is shown on the plan in the form of the commander's decision map with its supporting tables. The combat order is the official controlling document ordering their actions, however it is not disseminated as a complete document to them. Rather, each subordinate receives extracts of the operations order in the form of combat instructions. The order contains the following five sections.

I. Enemy Situation: This is a brief description of the enemy force facing the division and a forecast of his probable course of actions.

II. Missions of army in support of the division and, missions of the adjacents: A description of the support to be received by the actions of army elements in the division area and the activities of adjacent forces relevant to the division's own missions.

III. Concept of the operation: The commander's concept on how he plans to accomplish the division's mission.

IV. I order: The specific assignments to each subordinate element stating exactly what and where and when they are to act.
V. Troop Control: This section describes the locations and movement of the division command posts, signal communication issues, and the commander's deputies and successors.

The an example of a division combat order is provided for class discussion.



 
 

Combat Instruction from Division to Regiment

The division operations section prepares a "Combat Instruction" for the regiment, based on the division commander's decision and plan. This is one of the principal official tasking order from division to regiment. In case the division commander issues his order to the regiment commander orally, the staff follows up with this written "Instruction". The combat instruction contains the following four sections:

I. Enemy: Briefer description of the enemy as shown in the combat order.

II. The specific missions of the regiment: A statement of the order to the regiment.

III. The division's actions in support of the regiment and its adjacent units and inter action issues if needed:

IV. Troop control measures: A statement of the troop control measures described in the division operations order.

A sample of a division combat instruction to a regiment is provided for class discussion.



 
 

Explanatory Notes for the Plan

These notes are prepared as part of the commander's decision process and provide basic data relevant to the understanding of the division's capabilities and they are employed to accomplish the assigned mission. They may be displayed with the commander's decision map or kept for reference with it. They are thus available for everyone who comes to the headquarters to discuss the battle. The first three notes are written text. They are the following items.

1. Brief assessment of the opponent's possible actions: This section is a brief summary of the estimate prepared during the estimate of the situation on which the commander's decision is based. Any changes in the enemy's probable course of action is an immediate trigger for consideration on changing the plan or making other appropriate response.

2. Concept of the battle: This is the commander's expression of the fundamental purpose he seeks to achieve and the main measures he plans to take to achieve it.

3. The scope of the battle area: This is the statistics on the width, depth, and average rate of advance established for the division combat action.
----- width:
----- depth:
----- of which:
---------- depth of immediate mission
---------- depth of long range mission
----- required average rate of advance (km/hr)


 
 

Sample Army Initial Instructions

Only to the commander of the 16th MRD

The army has received an offensive mission: The time of readiness is set for ______.

The army commander has ordered:

1. All troops and staffs will be brought to a state of full combat readiness and prepared for the conduct of combat actions.

2. All personnel, equipment, weapons, ammunition, foodstuffs, POL, and other material means must be brought up to mobilization norms in all units and staffs.

3. The army's large units and units will occupy designated departure areas for attack. Departure areas will be prepared in terms of engineer work and obstacles to repel likely enemy attacks and to provide protection against mass destruction weapons and air strikes.

4. One motorized rifle regiment from each first-echelon division, reinforced by two artillery battalions, will be assigned as covering troops to organize the security and defense of border areas with interaction with the border troops.

5. Divisional rocket battalions will occupy positions from 5 to 10 km from the border. Positions will be prepared and camouflaged.

6. Surplus equipment, weapons, means, and other material and damaged equipment will be evacuated to appropriate places.

7. Wounded and sick personnel requiring long treatment will be evacuated to the front, (military district, or group of forces hospitals). The army's medical facilities will be readied to receive sick and wounded.

8. All air defense troops will prepare and occupy positions to repel the enemy's air attacks. The rocket troops will be brought to such a state of readiness to enable them to launch rockets at the shortest time, when it becomes necessary.

Army Army
Chief of Operations
Chief of Staff



 
 

Sample Division's Initial Instructions

I Approve ___/---/--- Serial No ___-
Commander 16th MRD SECRET
Gen-Major Ivanov Copy Number --
(Sig)


INITIAL INSTRUCTIONS

Only to the Commander of the 110th MRR

Command Post ___---at (time)--- On (date )---

Map 1:50.000 Aug 1972 ed


The division has received an offensive mission. The time preparation must be completed is 0600, Dec 15th.

The division commander has ordered:

1. The regiment is to shift to the state of full combat readiness for the accomplishment of the mission.

2. Units will deploy in assembly areas assigned for the state of full combat readiness. They will establish personnel and equipment mobilization points and accomplish all measures to bring reach wartime strength in terms of personnel, weapons, equipment, ammunition, foodstuffs, POL, clothing, and other material in units and staffs.

3. The regiment will occupy attack departure (FUP) areas. The departure areas will be prepared in terms of engineer work to repel likely enemy aggression and to protect the troops against nuclear, air, and chemical attacks.

4. All surplus equipment and material, and equipment requiring major repairs will be turned over to related organs.

5. Wounded and sick requiring long term treatment will be evacuated to front hospitals.

6. The air defense means will prepare cover and occupy positions to repel likely enemy air attacks.

Division Chief of Operations Division Chief of Staff
Rank Signature Rank Signature



 
 

Sample Division Combat Order

I Approve ___/---/--- Serial No ___-
Commander 16th MRD SECRET
Gen-Major Ivanov Copy Number --
(Sig)

COMBAT ORDER

of the Commander of the 16th MRD for Offensive Battle



Command Post ___---at (time)--- On (date )---
Map 1:50.000 Aug 1972 ed

I. Enemy Situation:

Elements of the enemy's U.S. Vth Corps prepares to initiate military action against our forces. The enemy has prepared a defensive line along the Fulda River to inflict maximum losses on friendly forces from a defensive posture. Units of the enemy 3rd Armored Division of the Vth U. S. Corps will be directly confronting the 16th Motorized Rifle Division, with up to 1.5 mechanized battalions in his first defensive positions consisting of the following company strong points.:
----- company strong point at ___-
----- company strong point at ___-
----- company strong point at ___-
----- company strong point at ___-

The enemy's brigade reserve composed of up to one tank battalion is likely to deploy in company strong points as follows:
---------, ___-, ___--, ___--, the counter attack of the brigade reserve is likely from the line Gittersdorf in the direction of Hahlgaus - Eichhof.

Positions of enemy's brigade artillery are disclosed in the following areas, ___, ___, ___ and ___. Positions of general support artillery are at ___, ___, and ___.

Totally in the first-echelon of the enemy forces, directly in front of the 16th MRD will be -- mechanized companies, ___tanks, ___ guns and mortars, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

The enemy's division reserve composed of up to one tank brigade is deployed in the area: Liederbach, Wallenrod, Vadenrod, and East of Romrool. Its counter- attack is likely from the line of Hill 408 and Beinenrod in the direction of Grebenau - Bad Hersfeld. The enemy's second-echelon forces may include ___ nuclear rocket systems, ___ nuclear artillery pieces, ___ mechanized companies, ___ guns and mortars, ___ tanks, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

In the sector of the 16th MRD attack, up to one enemy armored cavalry battalion is likely to operate in the covering (security) zone.

The action of enemy forces will be supported by nuclear capable U. S. air forces and ___ combat helicopters. The enemy can fire ___ nuclear rounds during the initial nuclear strike on 16th MRD targets.


II. Missions of army in support of the division and, missions of the adjacents

a. The following targets in the division's attack area are destroyed by army's rocket troops, and the air force during the initial nuclear strike:
----- enemy's nuclear weapons in the area ___;
----- nuclear depot at ___;
----- airfields at ___;
----- divisional command post at ___.
----- enemy's reserves at ___.

The friendly air force during the offensive battle conducts the air preparatory fire, assault support and accompanying air support as well as air defense cover of divisions' troops and targets. To support the division attack three sorties of fighter-bomber aviation squadrons are allocated. Ten sorties of Mi-26 helicopters are allocated for airborne assault. Air cover, and support of the air assault troops is conducted in inter-action with front's fighter and fighter-bomber aircraft.

b. On the right flank, the 11th MRD attacks in the direction of Bebra - Stadtallendorf with an immediate mission to seize the line of Remsfeld - 3 kms south of Roboldshausen and a long range mission to seize the line of Momberg - Wahlen.

The boundary with the division passes through the following points: Eisenach, Ludwigsau, Hill 466, and Dannenrod.

On the left flank the 18th MRD attacks in the direction of Niederaula - Keldatal with an immediate mission to seize the line of one km south of Lingelbach, and northern edge of Maar and a long range mission to seize the line of Ober Breiderbach, and Meicles.

The boundary with the division passes through the following points: Mohra, Hill 388, Schenksolz, (exclude) Koulbausen,(excluded) Lingelbach and Nieder Breidenbach.


III. Concept of the operation

Using 10 nuclear rockets with a yield of 102 kilotons during the initial nuclear strike, the division is to destroy the enemy's nuclear rocket in the area ___ and his nuclear artillery in the areas ___ and ___ and to destroy the enemy's divisions main forces in the areas ___,---,---,-- ,-and ___; the enemy's CP at ___, and the enemy's rear service installations at ___, and ___.

Exploiting the results of its own and army's nuclear strikes, the division attacks the enemy on the line of Ludwigsen - Asbach; develops the attack in the direction of Eichhof - Kirchheim; destroys the enemy forces in the area Bad Hersfeld, Recherode, Kirchheim, and Asbach; destroys the enemy division reserves in the area of Willingsahain, Weibendorn, and Reimbolds; and seizes the line of Scharbach, Offray, and Lingelbach as its immediate mission.

Then the division continues the attack in the direction of Ottrau - Alsfeld, Heimertshausen and at the end of the day seizes the line of Rubkirchen, Heimerlshausen, and Nider Breidenbach, as its long range mission.

The division's future direction of attack on the following day is Heimerlshausen - Homberg. The direction of the main attack is along highway 48. The 110th reinforced BMP Motorized Rifle Regiment acts as the forward detachment of the division to destroy, from the line of march, the enemy's covering troops in the border areas and to support the quick advance of the division's main forces to the forward line of the enemy's forward defense area.

For the conduct of the division's attack, 15 nuclear, 5 chemical, and 15 conventional rockets are allocated.

If the nuclear weapons are not used, the enemy's forward defensive area is penetrated (broken through) in the area south of Bad Hersfeld and Asbach.

The division's combat formation is in two echelons.
----- 112 MRD, 16th Tank, and 111 MRD are in the first-echelon.
----- 110th BMP MRR after accomplishing its mission as the division's forward detachment, is assigned to the division's second-echelon.


IV. I order:

a. The 112th MRR with the division artillery regiment (minus the 4th Battalion), 2nd company of the division engineer battalion, the division anti-tank battalion (- 3rd battery) is to attack the enemy from the line of Eichhof, southern edge of Asbach and develop the attack in the direction of Asbach - Hohewured and destroy the enemy in the area Eichhof, Hills 238, 325 and Asbach and seize the line of south of Hill 376, Hill 359, as its immediate objective. The regiment is to continue the attack in the direction of Hohewured - Kirchheim and destroy the enemy and his artillery positions in the area of Hill 320, Kirchheim and Hill 319 and seize the line of north of Kirchheim, northern edge of Kelba and then continue the attack in the direction of Reinbolds.

On the right flank the 16th Tank Regiment attacks. The boundary line passes the following points: Malkomes, Hill 439, Scholf, Hill 376, road junction (T) north of Kirchheim.

b. The 16th Tank Regiment with three artillery battalions and the 1st company of the 16th Engr Bn is to attack ___ (same as for the 112th MRR.)

c. The 111st MRR with two artillery battalions the engr platoon and one anti-tank battery is to attack the enemy from the line ___ (same as for 112th MRR.)

d. the 110th BMP Motorized Rifle Regiment with two artillery battalions, one anti-tank battery and one combat engineer company is assigned as the division's forward detachment. The regiment is to destroy from the line of march the enemy's covering troops in the border area and to support rapid advance of the division's main forces to the forward line of the enemy's forward defense area. At the beginning of the attack of the division's main forces on the enemy's forward defensive area, the regiment is assigned to operate as the division's second-echelon, and it is to deploy in the area south of Bad Hersfeld, Asbach, and Kuhnbach. During the attack, the regiment is to follow the 112th MRR by bounds and be prepared to be committed at ___ into combat and to develop the attack along route 48 in order to destroy the enemy reserves from the line of march and seize the line East of Zell and East of Romrod as its immediate mission.

During the commitment into combat the regiment will be given two artillery battalions, one anti-tank battery and one engineer company. As the division's forward detachment at the outset, the regiment is given two artillery battalions from the division artillery regiment, one battery from the division anti-tank battalion and one company from the division engineer battalion.

In interaction with the border forces, the regiment is to establish defensive positions and engineer obstacles in the security zone on likely directions of the enemy's attack and to prevent penetration by the enemy's reconnaissance elements into the depth of own territory.

e. Rocket Bn.

1. During the front's initial nuclear strike, the following targets are to be destroyed by the rocket bn.
----- first-echelon bn, target #314 center of burst at ___, 3 kt, air burst at H - 00.20 hrs or on signal.
----- first-echelon bn, target 315, center of burst (COB) ___, 3 kt, air burst, H-00.20 or on signal.
----- arty bn, target #316 center of burst at ___, 3 kt, air burst at H - 00.20 hrs or on signal.
----- second-echelon tank bn, target 317, center of burst (COB) ___, 20 kt, air burst, H-00.20 or on signal.
----- nuclear artillery, target #318 center of burst at ___, 10 kt, air burst at H - 00.20 hrs or on signal.
----- Bde CP, target 319, center of burst (COB) ___, 3 kt, ground burst, H-00.20 or on signal.
----- nuclear rocket, target #320 center of burst at ___, 3 kt, air burst at H - 00.20 hrs or on signal.
----- division rear, target 321, center of burst (COB) ___, 10 kt, air burst, H-00.20 or on signal.

2. Time of delivery of nuclear and chemical rockets to the battalion is P - 6 hours. Time of delivery of conventional rockets to the battalion is D - 3 days.

3. The status and situation of targets to be hit by nuclear strikes are to be continuously followed, observed and appropriate changes must be made in the initial nuclear strike plan as the status of targets changes.

4. Preparation of the rocket troops for rapid initiation of fire is to be kept at the highest level. The technical support of rockets is to be thoroughly organized.

5. The position areas of the rocket troops are to be fully prepared in terms of engineer work and concealment. Alternate positions are to be prepared as well. Protection of rocket troops against mass destruction weapons and security and defense of rocket positions and mobile technical bases are to be organized and executed.

6. To insure effective employment, longer range, and timely launch of strikes on designated targets; positions for the rocket battalion are to be prepared close to the border. Moreover relocation positions for the phase of the beginning of the attack are to be prepared at a distance of 10 km from the forward line of the enemy's forward defensive area.


f. To artillery troops

1. The following artillery groups are to be established:
----- divisional artillery group composed of 6 artillery battalions;
----- artillery groups of the 112th MRR and the 16th TR composed of 4 artillery battalions each;
----- artillery group of the 111st MRR composed of 3 artillery battalions.


2. Artillery missions
----- destruction of enemy's nuclear weapons;
----- inflict losses on the enemy during his aggression, and support of combat action of own forces in our security area.
----- inflict losses on the enemy when he crosses the border and during the combat action in the security zone;
----- the following tasks are to be conducted during the artillery preparation;
----- (a) destruction and suppression of strong points on the forward line and in the depth of the enemy defense;
----- (b) destruction and suppression of enemy's artillery and mortar batteries;
----- (c) destruction and suppression of the enemy's immediate reserves.
----- (d) destruction of the enemy's command posts
----- (f) width of the penetration (breakthrough) area is 4 km, duration of the artillery preparatory fire is 40 minutes and ammunition expenditure is 0.8 units of fire. The density of fire is the penetration area is 100% while on its immediate flanks it should be not less than 60%.

destruction and suppression of the enemy during the combat action in the depth of the enemy's first-echelon brigade, throughout the assault support mission by the method of concentration of fire, successive concentration and assault barrage fires on single and double lines.

support the attacking forces by fire during the combat action in the depth of the enemy's defense by accompanying fire in the form of concentration of fire, massive fires and fires on individual targets.

inflict losses on the enemy's troops during their counterattack

support the division troops during assault river crossing

support and cover the open flanks and gaps between combat formations

support the commitment of the second-echelon troops and reserves;

fight the enemy's artillery and mortars during the conduct of combat action in the depth of the enemy's defense.


g. To division's air defense troops

1. The division's air defense troops are to concentrate their main effort to cover the following targets.
----- division's first-echelon troops particularly on the direction of the main attack, in the departure area, during the breakthrough, and in the depth of the defense;
----- rocket bn and division artillery group in the departure area, during the breakthrough and during the conduct of the offensive battle;
----- command posts and rear services in the departure area and during the attack;
----- the second-echelon troops during their movement and deployment for commitment into combat;
----- airborne assaults in desant departure areas, during their flight and landing, and during their combat action;
----- the division's main forces and crossing sites during the assault river crossing;
----- the division's troops during the repulsion of the enemy's counterattacks;

2. The division's air defense reconnaissance and warning system is to be coordinated with the air defense reconnaissance, fire, and warning system of the army.

3. During the preparation and conduct of the offensive battle, the air defense troops are to be in full combat readiness and be prepared to repel enemy's air attacks. In any situation not less then one third of the air defense troops are to be in combat duty status.

4. Positions for air defense troops are to be prepared in terms of engineer work. In addition to the main positions, alternate positions are also to be prepared.

5. Movement and relocation of the air defense troops during the preparation and conduct of the battle must be carried out in such a way, that during the crucial phases of the battle all or the bulk of the air defense troops are in position and ready to repel the enemy's air attacks.


h. Airborne assaults

During the conduct of the offensive battle, the following airborne assaults are inserted;

1. desant No. 1:
----- composition of the "desant" is one airborne assault battalion with one mountain mortar battery and one engineer platoon.
----- the mission of the "desant" is to destroy the ammunition depot and seize the bridge in the area, 2 km north of Munch-Leusel.

The departure area of the "desant" is in the northwest of Etfurt which is to be occupied at 0600 on D-1. During one day there, required preparation for "desant" must be conducted.

The "desant" is carried and landed by 10 MI-26 helicopters and covered by 6 of front's fighter aircraft.

The time of landing of the "desant" is 1600 on the day of the attack (D day)

the landing area is initially hit by front's fighter-bomber aviation troops. Positions of air defense means and airfields along the flight sector are destroyed by aviation forces, division rocket battalion and division's artillery.

Planning of the "desant" is conducted by MI-26 helicopter squadron commander along with the division's operations section and the commander of airborne assault battalion.

The troop control during the preparation is conducted from the command post of the helicopter squadron in the departure area. The troop control during the conduct of the combat action is exercised from division CP and the CP of the airborne assault Bn.

2. desant No. 2.
----- composition of the desant is one airborne assault company.
----- the mission of the "desant" is to destroy nuclear rocket in the area, north of Immichenhain.
----- the departure area for the desant is in the north west of Erfurt which is to be occupied at 0600 of D-1 and where necessary preparation for the desant is to be made.
----- the desant is transported by 8 Mi-8 helicopters of the division and it is covered by 6 fighter aircraft.
----- time of landing is 1400 on the day of the attack;
----- the landing area is hit by air strikes while positions of air defense means within the flight sector are hit by rocket and artillery troops.
----- the planning for the desant is conducted by helicopter squadron commander along with the division's operations section and the commander of the airborne assault company;
----- the troop control during the preparation is conducted from the command post of the helicopter squadron in departure area, while during the conduct of the combat action the troop control is exercised from the division command post and the command observation post of the airborne assault company.


i. To combat and transport helicopter squadron

----- support the insertion of one airborne assault in the designated areas as reflected in subparagraph H;
----- conduct struggle against the enemy's tanks and support the division troops during the conduct of the attack;
----- support communications in accordance with the instructions of the division staff.


j. Division's anti-tank reserve The division's anti-tank reserve is composed of two batteries attached to the division from the army's anti-tank unit. It is to deploy in the area ___ and conduct the struggle against tanks on the main direction. The likely lines of the repulsion of the enemy's tank counterattacks for the antitank reserve are as follows:
----- Line NO 1 at ___ in the direction of ___
----- Line NO 2 at ___ in the direction of ___
----- Line NO 3 at ___ in the direction of ___
----- Line NO 4 at ___ in the direction of ___

During the attack the antitank reserve is to move on the direction of the main attack following the 112nd MRR.


k. To Mobile obstacle detachment (POZ)
The mobile obstacle detachment is composed of the division's engineer obstacle company. The detachment is to deploy in ___ and during the conduct of the offensive battle, it is to move with the anti-tank reserve and join in the struggle against enemy tanks on designated lines.


l. To engineer reserve
The engineer reserve is the division engineer battalion (minus sub-units attached to regiments). After accomplishment t of the missions related to the preparation for the attack and breaching lanes in the enemy's obstacles directly in front of his forward defensive line, the engineer reserve is to deploy in the area ___. and be prepared to conduct unexpected tasks during the conduct of the attack. The engineer reserve is to follow the 16th Tank Regiment during the conduct of the offensive battle.


m. To chemical reserve:
The chemical reserve is composed of the division's chemical battalion. The chemical reserve is to deploy at ___ and move during the conduct of the attack in the direction of ___ and be prepared to conduct unexpected missions.


n. Time to be prepared for the attack is 2400 of ___(date)


V. Troop control

The division's command post deploys at Unlerneurode.

The rear service control point deploys at Donges.

The division's forward command post deploys in the area south of the T road junction west of Malkames.

The direction of relocation of the command post during the conduct of the offensive combat is Asbach - Rimberg - Hallhof.

Signal communication from the division CP's with the army's Commander and staff, as well as with subordinate and inter-acting troops' commanders and staff is to be established by radio, radio-relay, telephone, and mobile communications means with strict observation of secure troop control regulations.

My deputies are: the chief of staff, chief of political affairs and the commander of the 112th MRR.

Div's chief of operations section
(signature)

Div's chief of staff
(signature)

 
 

I Approve ___/---/--- Serial No ___- Commander 16th MRD SECRET
Gen-Major Ivanov Copy Number --
(Sig)

COMBAT ORDER

of the Commander of the 16th MRD for Offensive Battle


Command Post ___---at (time)--- On (date )---

Map 1:50.000 Aug 1972 ed

I. Enemy Situation:

Elements of the enemy's U.S. Vth Corps prepares to initiate military action against our forces. The enemy has prepared a defensive line along the Fulda River to inflict maximum losses on friendly forces from a defensive posture. (Details of first echelon formations and positions.

The enemy's brigade reserve ______________

The counter attack of the brigade reserve is likely from____________

Positions of enemy's brigade artillery are__________

Positions of general support artillery are at ____, _____, and ____.

Totally in the first-echelon of the enemy forces, directly in front of the 16th MRD will be -- mechanized companies, ___tanks, ___ guns and mortars, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

The enemy's division reserve composed of_____________ is deployed in the area:_____________.

Its counter- attack is likely from _________________.

The enemy's second-echelon forces may include ___ nuclear rocket systems, ___ nuclear artillery pieces, ___ mechanized companies, ___ guns and mortars, ___ tanks, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

In the sector of the 16th MRD attack, up to _____________ is likely to operate in the covering (security) zone.

The action of enemy forces will be supported by nuclear capable U. S. air forces and ___ combat helicopters. The enemy can fire ___ nuclear rounds during the initial nuclear strike on 16th MRD targets.



II. Missions of army in support of the division and, missions of the adjacents

a. The following targets in the division's attack area are destroyed by army's rocket troops, and the air force during the initial nuclear strike:

The friendly air force during the offensive battle conducts the air preparatory fire, assault support and accompanying air support as well as air defense cover of divisions' troops and targets. To support the division attack ______ sorties of fighter-bomber aviation squadrons are allocated. _____ sorties of Mi-26 helicopters are allocated for airborne assault. Air cover, and support of the air assault troops is conducted in inter-action with front's fighter and fighter-bomber aircraft.

b. On the right flank, the 11th MRD attacks in the direction of Bebra - Stadtallendorf with an immediate mission to seize the line of Remsfeld - 3 kms south of Roboldshausen and a long range mission to seize the line of Momberg - Wahlen.

The boundary with the division passes through the following points: Eisenach, Ludwigsau, Hill 466, and Dannenrod.

(c.) On the left flank the 18th MRD attacks in the direction of Niederaula - Keldatal with an immediate mission to seize the line of one km south of Lingelbach, and northern edge of Maar and a long range mission to seize the line of Ober Breiderbach, and Meicles.

The boundary with the division passes through the following points: Mohra, Hill 388, Schenksolz, (exclude) Koulbausen,(excluded) Lingelbach and Nieder Breidenbach.

III. Concept of the operation

(Discuss nuclear plan)

Discuss division combat plan:

line of deployment

main attack direction

destroy enemy in area ____.

destroy enemy division reserves located _____.

seize line of immediate mission

continue attack in main direction ____.

end of day seize line of daily mission ______.

division axis of attack for following day ____.

unit as forward detachment axis and mission ___.

allocation of nuclear, chemical, and conventional warheads______.

location for penetration zone_______.

division combat formation (echelons) designations.

IV. I order:

a. The 112th MRR (mission ______)

boundary with adjacent regiment ________.

b. The 16th Tank Regiment (mission _____)

c. The 111st MRR (mission _____)

d. the 110th BMP Motorized Rifle Regiment (mission ____)

e. Rocket Bn.

(1. targets for initial strike_____)

(2. time of delivery of nuclear, chemical,and conventional rockets to the battalion)

(3. directive to monitor targets)

(4. directive on readiness)

(5. instructions on positions)

(6. instructions on locations to deploy)

f. To artillery troops

designate artillery groups

designate missions

specify parameters for preparatory fire (width, duration, density, ammo expenditure, depth of suppression, type of fire, etc.

specify support parameters for assault support and accompanying fire

inflict losses on the enemy's troops during their counterattack

support the division troops during assault river crossing

support and cover the open flanks and gaps between combat formations

support the commitment of the second-echelon troops and reserves;

fight the enemy's artillery and mortars during the conduct of combat action in the depth of the enemy's defense.

g. To division's air defense troops

concentration of main effort (whom to cover)

instructions on interaction, reconnaissance and warning

instructions on combat readiness

instructions on preparation of positions

instructions on movement and relocation

h. Airborne assaults

specify details of composition, time, location, mission, preparation, interaction, cover, and other aspects of each planned desant operation in sequence.

i. To combat and transport helicopter squadron

specific instructions on whom to support and when

designate priority targets and types of missions

i. To division's anti-tank reserve

composition

deployment areas and missions

likely lines to repel counter-attacks

k. To Mobile obstacle detachment (POZ)

composition

deployment area and movement routes

l. To engineer reserve

composition

missions during preparation, attack

deployment location and direction of movement

m. To chemical reserve:

composition

deployment location and direction of movement

missions during combat

n. Time to be prepared for the attack is __________

V. Troop control

The division's command post deploys at____________.

The rear service control point deploys at _________.

The division's forward command post deploys _________.

The direction of relocation of the command post during the conduct of the offensive combat is ________________.

Signal communication from the division CP's with the army's Commander and staff, as well as with subordinate and inter-acting troops' commanders and staff is to be established by radio, radio-relay, telephone, and mobile communications means with strict observation of secure troop control regulations.

My deputies are: the chief of staff, chief of political affairs and the commander of the 112th MRR.

Div's chief of operations section
(signature)

Div's chief of staff
(signature)


 
 

Sample Combat Instruction from Division to Regiment



I Approve --/--/-- Serial No ___-
Commander 16th MRD SECRET
General Major Ivanov Copy NO.
(signature)

COMBAT INSTRUCTIONS

of the commander of the 16th MRD for

offensive battle to the commander of the 112th MRR


Command Post at ___ at ___(time) on ___ (date)

Map 1:50,000, Aug 1972 edition

I. Enemy

Elements of enemy's ___ Corps prepare to initiate military action against our forces. The enemy has prepared a defensive line along the Fulda River to inflict maximum losses on friendly forces from defensive posture. In this case, units of the enemy 3rd Armored Division of the Vth U. S. Corps will be directly confronting the 16th Motorized Rifle Division, with up to 1.5 mechanized battalions in his first defensive positions consisting of the following company strong points.:

company strong point at ___-

company strong point at ___-

company strong point at ___-

company strong point at ___-

The enemy's brigade reserve composed of up to one tank battalion is likely to deploy in company strong points as follows:

----, ___-, ___--, ___--, the counter attack of the brigade reserve is likely from the line Gittersdorf in the direction of Hahlgaus - Eichhof.

Positions of enemy's brigade artillery are disclosed in the following areas, ___, ___, ___ and ___. Positions of general support artillery are at ___, ___, and ___.

Totally in the first-echelon of the enemy forces, directly in front of the 16th MRD will be -- mechanized companies, ___tanks, ___ guns and mortars, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

The enemy's division reserve composed of up to one tank brigade is deployed in the area: Liederbach, Wallenrod, Vadenrod, and East of Romrood. Its counter- attack is likely from the line of Hill 408 and Beinenrod in the direction of Grebenau - Bad Hersfeld. The enemy's second-echelon forces may include ___ nuclear rocket systems, ___ nuclear artillery pieces, ___ mechanized companies, ___ guns and mortars, ___ tanks, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

In the sector of the 16th MRD attack, up to one enemy armored cavalry battalion is likely to operate in the covering (security) zone.

The action of enemy forces will be supported by nuclear capable U. S. air forces and ___ combat helicopters . The enemy can fire ___ nuclear rounds during the initial nuclear strike on 16th MRD targets.

II. The 112th MRR with three artillery battalions of the division's artillery regiment, combat engineer company of the division engineer battalion and the division's anti-tank battalion (minus 1st battery) is to attack the enemy from the line of Eichhof - southern edge of Asbach; develop the attack in the direction of Asbach - Hohe Wurzel; destroy the enemy in the area: Eichhof, Hills 238 and 325 and Asbach; and seize the line of the south of Hills 376 and 359 as its immediate mission. Then the regiment is to develop the attack in the direction of Hohe Wurzel - Kirchheim; destroy the enemy in the area : Hill 320, Kirchheim, and Hill 319; and seize the line of the bridge north of Kirchheim and the northern edge of Kleba as its subsequent mission. Then the regiment is to continue the attack in the direction of Reimbolds.

The regiment is to breakthrough the enemy's forward defense area, in interaction with the 16th Tank Regiment and the 114th MRR of the 18th MRD, on a two kilometer front, and during the artillery preparatory fire destroy and suppress enemy's strong points on the forward line and its immediate vicinity, as well as the enemy's artillery and mortars.

Time to be ready for the attack is 2400 hrs of ___ (date).

III. The division's tasks in support of the regiment and the adjacents.

a. In the regiment's sector of the attack the following targets are destroyed by the division's means:

enemy Bde CP in the area _--.

enemy's strong points in areas ___, ___, ___, and ___;

enemy's artillery in areas ___, ___, ___, and ___.

b. On the right flank the 16th Tank Regiment attacks and conducts breakthrough of the enemy defense on a two kilometer front. Its immediate mission is to destroy the confronting enemy and to seize the line of Hill 308 and Hill 376 and its subsequent mission is to destroy the enemy in its sector and seize the line of south of Grossmannersrode and northern edge of Kirchheim. The boundary line with the regiment passes through the following points:

Molkomes, Hill 439, Schlof, Hill 376, and T road junction north of Kirchheim.

On the left the 114th MRR of the 18th MRD attacks with an immediate mission to seize the line of Hill 358 and Hill 346 and a subsequent mission to seize the line of Hill 336 and Hill 363. The boundary line with the regiment passes through the following points: Scheulkslz, Koulhausen, Kleba, and Lingelbach.

IV. Troop control

the division's CP deploys at Unlerneurode;

division's rear control point deploys at Donges;

division's forward CP deploys south of T road junction west of Melkames.

The direction of relocation of the division's command post during the conduct of the offensive battle is the direction of Asbach, Rimberg - Hallhof.

Signal communication from the division's command posts with the army commander and staff, as well as with subordinate and inter-acting troops commanders and staff is to be established by radio, radio-relay, telephone, and mobile communication means, with strict observation of secure troop control regulation.

My deputies are: the chief of staff, chief of political affairs (deputy commander for political affairs), and the commander of the 112th MRR.

Div chief of operations section
(signature)
Div chief of staff
(signature)



 
 

I Approve --/--/-- Serial No ___-
Commander 16th MRD SECRET
General Major Ivanov Copy NO.
(signature)

COMBAT INSTRUCTIONS

of the commander of the 16th MRD for

offensive battle to the commander of the 110th MRR


Command Post at ___ at ___(time) on ___ (date)

Map 1:50,000, Aug 1972 edition

I. Enemy

Elements of enemy's ___ Corps prepare to initiate military action against our forces. The enemy has prepared a defensive line along the Fulda River to inflict maximum losses on friendly forces from defensive posture. In this case, units of the enemy 3rd Armored Division of the Vth U. S. Corps will be directly confronting the 16th Motorized Rifle Division, with up to 1.5 mechanized battalions in his first defensive positions consisting of the following company strong points.:

company strong point at ___-

company strong point at ___-

company strong point at ___-

company strong point at ___-

The enemy's brigade reserve composed of up to one tank battalion is likely to deploy in company strong points as follows:

----, ___-, ___--, ___--, the counter attack of the brigade reserve is likely from the line Gittersdorf in the direction of Hahlgaus - Eichhof.

Positions of enemy's brigade artillery are disclosed in the following areas, ___, ___, ___ and ___. Positions of general support artillery are at ___, ___, and ___.

Totally in the first-echelon of the enemy forces, directly in front of the 16th MRD will be -- mechanized companies, ___tanks, ___ guns and mortars, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

The enemy's division reserve composed of up to one tank brigade is deployed in the area: Liederbach, Wallenrod, Vadenrod, and East of Romrood. Its counter- attack is likely from the line of Hill 408 and Beinenrod in the direction of Grebenau - Bad Hersfeld. The enemy's second-echelon forces may include ___ nuclear rocket systems, ___ nuclear artillery pieces, ___ mechanized companies, ___ guns and mortars, ___ tanks, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

In the sector of the 16th MRD attack, up to one enemy armored cavalry battalion is likely to operate in the covering (security) zone.

The action of enemy forces will be supported by nuclear capable U. S. air forces and ___ combat helicopters . The enemy can fire ___ nuclear rounds during the initial nuclear strike on 16th MRD targets.

II. The 110th BMP Motorized Rifle Regiment with two artillery battalions, one anti-tank battery and one combat engineer company is assigned as the division's forward detachment. The regiment is to destroy from the line of march the enemy's covering troops in the border area and to support rapid advance of the division's main forces to the forward line of the enemy's forward defense area. At the beginning of the attack of the division's main forces on the enemy's forward defensive area, the regiment is assigned to operate as the division's second-echelon, and it is to deploy in the area south of Bad Hersfeld, Asbach, and Kuhnbach. During the attack, the regiment is to follow the 112th MRR by bounds and be prepared to be committed at ___ into combat and to develop the attack along route 48 in order to destroy the enemy reserves from the line of march and seize the line East of Zell and East of Romrod as its immediate mission.

During the commitment into combat the regiment will be given two artillery battalions, one anti-tank battery and one engineer company. As the division's forward detachment at the outset, the regiment is given two artillery battalions from the division artillery regiment, one battery from the division anti-tank battalion and one company from the division engineer battalion.

In interaction with the border forces, the regiment is to establish defensive positions and engineer obstacles in the security zone on likely directions of the enemy's attack and to prevent penetration by the enemy's reconnaissance elements into the depth of own territory.

Time to be ready for the attack is 2400 hrs of ___ (date).

III. The division's tasks in support of the regiment and the adjacents.

a. In the regiment's sector of the attack the following targets are destroyed by the division's means:

enemy Bde CP in the area _--.

enemy's strong points in areas ___, ___, ___, and ___;

enemy's artillery in areas ___, ___, ___, and ___.

b.



IV. Troop control

the division's CP deploys at Unlerneurode;

division's rear control point deploys at Donges;

division's forward CP deploys south of T road junction west of Melkames.

The direction of relocation of the division's command post during the conduct of the offensive battle is the direction of Asbach, Rimberg - Hallhof.

Signal communication from the division's command posts with the army commander and staff, as well as with subordinate and inter-acting troops commanders and staff is to be established by radio, radio-relay, telephone, and mobile communication means, with strict observation of secure troop control regulation.

My deputies are: the chief of staff, chief of political affairs (deputy commander for political affairs), and the commander of the 112th MRR.

Div chief of operations section
(signature)
Div chief of staff
(signature)



 
 

I Approve --/--/-- Serial No ___-
Commander 16th MRD SECRET
General Major Ivanov Copy NO.
(signature)

COMBAT INSTRUCTIONS

of the commander of the 16th MRD for

offensive battle to the commander of the 112th MRR


Command Post at ___ at ___(time) on ___ (date)

Map 1:50,000, Aug 1972 edition

I. Enemy

Elements of enemy's _________(details of first echelon including positions):

The enemy's brigade reserve composed of________:

The counter attack of the brigade reserve is likely from the line_________

Positions of enemy's brigade artillery are ___________.

Positions of general support artillery are at ___, ___, and ___.

Totally in the first-echelon of the enemy forces, directly in front of the 16th MRD will be -- mechanized companies, ___tanks, ___ guns and mortars, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

The enemy's division reserve composed of ________________ (details of locations etc).

Its counter-attack is likely from the line _____________

The enemy's second-echelon forces may include ___ nuclear rocket systems, ___ nuclear artillery pieces, ___ mechanized companies, ___ guns and mortars, ___ tanks, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

In the sector of the 16th MRD attack, up to ____________is likely to operate in the covering (security) zone.

The action of enemy forces will be supported by nuclear capable U. S. air forces and ___ combat helicopters . The enemy can fire ___ nuclear rounds during the initial nuclear strike on 16th MRD targets.

II. The 112th MRR with _______________(artillery and other supporting units) is to attack the enemy from the line _____________ develop the attack in the direction __________________; destroy the enemy in the area: ________________________; and seize the line of ____________________ as immediate mission. Then the regiment is to develop the attack in the direction of _______________; destroy the enemy in the area:______________________; and seize the line of ____________________ as its subsequent mission. Then the regiment is to continue the attack in the direction of _________________.

The regiment is to breakthrough the enemy's forward defense area, in interaction with _____________ on a _______ kilometer front, and during the artillery preparatory fire destroy and suppress enemy's strong points on the forward line and its immediate vicinity, as well as the enemy's artillery and mortars.

Time to be ready for the attack is _______ .

III. The division's tasks in support of the regiment and the adjacents.

a. In the regiment's sector of the attack the following targets are destroyed by the division's means:

enemy Bde CP in the area ______.

enemy's strong points in areas ___, _____, _____, and ____;

enemy's artillery in areas ____, ___,___, and _____.

b. On the right flank the _____________ attacks and conducts breakthrough of the enemy defense on a ______ kilometer front. Its immediate mission is to destroy the confronting enemy and to seize the line of __________________ and its subsequent mission is to destroy the enemy in its sector and seize the line of _________________. The boundary line with the regiment passes through the following points:____________________

On the left the ______________ attacks with an immediate mission to seize the line of _________ subsequent mission to seize the line of _____________. The boundary line with the regiment passes through the following points:____________________.

IV. Troop control

the division's CP deploys at _______________.

division's rear control point deploys at ________;

division's forward CP deploys ______________.

The direction of relocation of the division's command post during the conduct of the offensive battle is the direction of ____________.

Signal communication from the division's command posts with the army commander and staff, as well as with subordinate and inter-acting troops commanders and staff is to be established by radio, radio-relay, telephone, and mobile communication means, with strict observation of secure troop control regulation.

My deputies are: the chief of staff, chief of political affairs (deputy commander for political affairs), and the commander of the 112th MRR.

Div chief of operations section
(signature)
Div chief of staff
(signature)



 
 

LIST OF VIEWGRAPHS


VG1 - Outline for Lesson VII

VG2 - Duties of the division commander

VG3 - Duties the staff coordinates on organization and conduct of combat operations

VG4 - Duties which the officers of the operations section conduct

VG5 - Organization of division staff

VG6 - Duties carried out by the assistants to the commander and the chiefs of combat arms and services

VG7 - Control points established in the division in order to conduct troop control

VG8 - Detail normally present at the division command post

VG9 - Personnel who may be assigned at the division's forward command post

VG10 - Personnel included at the alternate command post

VG11 - Personnel usually present at the division's rear control point

VG12 - Division command post

VG13 - Division forward command post

VG14 - Division rear control point

VG15 - Responsibilities of the division deputy commander

VG16 - Responsibilities of the division's deputy commander for political affairs

VG17 - Responsibilities of the division's deputy commander for political affairs part II

VG18 - Items the chief of staff reports to the commander

VG19 - Duties fulfilled by the chief of the operations section

VG20 - Functions of the operations section's assistants

VG21 - Duties fulfilled by the chief of reconnaissance

VG22 - Duties of the reconnaissance section

VG23 - Duties performed by the division chief of rocket troops and artillery

VG24 - Duties performed by the division chief of air defense

VG25 - Duties fulfilled by the chief of engineers

VG26 - Duties fulfilled by the chief of engineers part II

VG27 - Duties fulfilled by the division chief of chemical troops

VG28 - Duties fulfilled by the division chief of chemical troops part II

VG29 - Duties fulfilled by the division chief of signal troops

VG30 - Duties fulfilled by the division chief of signal troops part II

VG31 - Duties of the division deputy commander for armament and technical matters

VG32 - Duties fulfilled by the division deputy commander for rear services

VG33 - Items included in command and staff procedure while controlling troops during battle

VG34 - Data included in the commander's decision during combat actions of the troops

VG35 - Items which require special attention when collecting information

VG36 - Sources from which the commander and staff acquire information

VG37 - Methods for gathering information

VG38 - Information which is reported immediately

VG39 - Elements which must be taken into account when the division commander and the control organs make the decision for the battle

VG40 - Requirements of the division commander when making decisions for battle under varied conditions

VG41 - Components in the work method regarding the adoption of a decision

VG42 - Sequence for the division commander's and staff's work on the decision

VG43 - Items the division commander must define during the clarification of the mission

VG44 - Initial data needed to make an estimate of the time required

VG45 - Measures for which time is specified when the commander estimates the time needed

VG46 - Instructions the chief of staff issues to the staff regarding the preparation of required

VG47 - Information and calculations to help the commander make his decision

VG48 - Factors included in the division commander's estimate of the situation

VG49 - Items analyzed and evaluated when assessing the enemy

VG50 - Deductions derived on the basis of the assessment of the enemy

VG51 - Units at the division level

VG52 - Items determined by the division commander as a result of his assessment of the capabilities, situation, and status of own troops

VG53 - Terrain factors included in the terrain assessment

VG54 - Items determined by the division commander as a result of the assessment of the terrain

VG55 - Items, in addition to the terrain, which are analyzed and evaluated in the assessment of the area of combat action

VG56 - Methods for which data on each of the situation elements discussed above are obtained and processed by the appropriate control organs

VG57 - Items evaluated when the method for assessing the situation according to its elements is used

VG58 - Specific factors for determining and formulating each element of the decision if time to prepare for battle is limited and if the commander must adapt or update his decision during a battle

VG59 - Issues determined as a result of comparing the capabilities of enemy and friendly troops

VG60 - Elements included in the plan which the operation section of the division staff prepares for evaluating the terrain on the basis of the instructions from the division commander and the chief of staff

VG61 - Data provided by the staff and the chiefs of arms and services during the assessment of the situation for the commander

VG62 - Three levels of staff participation in the assessment of the situation and formulation of the decision by the division commander

VG63 - Content of the division commander's decision

VG64 - Points marked on the map when the decision is initially formulated

VG65 - Items marked on the map while the decision is being made

VG66 - Factors which, in contemporary times, impose high requirements for elaborate and advanced planning

VG67 - Measures taken in advance which relate to planning

VG68 - Initial data included when planning the division's battle plan

VG69 - Enemy forces

VG70 - Friendly troops

VG71 - Elements includes in the graphic part of the division commander's decision map (plan)

VG72 - Details included in the written instructions on the map of the division commander's decision

VG73 - Items included in the annexes to the map of the division commander's decision (plan)

VG74 - Planning documents prepared by the operation section in addition to the division commander's map of the decision

VG75 - Manner in which a decision made or reconfirmed by the division commander is conveyed to the subordinates

VG76 - Main methods for assigning missions to the troops

VG77 - Items indicated in the division's operation order and their sequence

VG78 - Points indicated in combat instructions

VG79 - Items which insure interaction in battle

VG80 - Crucial elements in the content of the working methods of the commander and his staff in organizing interaction

VG81 - Items reflected in the plan made by the division staff which supports the work of the division commander on organizing interaction

VG82 - Items indicated in the plan if interaction is organized by the division commander on the terrain

VG83 - Items determined upon the announcement of the division commander's decision for battle

VG84 - Combat support measures at the division level

VG85 - Elements involved when organizing all-around support for the troops' combat operation

VG86 - Basis and initial data for organizing combat support

VG87 - Items included at all times in the division commander's instructions

VG88 - Most important measures for organizing reconnaissance

VG89 - Points specified by the division commander in organizing reconnaissance

VG90 - Items reflected in the reconnaissance plan

VG91 - Methods and types of reconnaissance the division chief of staff and chief of reconnaissance coordinate in order to conduct reconnaissance in an effective way

VG92 - Measures taken to protect against mass-destruction weapons

VG93 - Aims of forecasting areas of destruction

VG94 - Items established when forecasting

VG95 - Factors which determine the dispersion degree

VG96 - Common methods of passage

VG97 - Factors determined by monitoring the radiation level and chemical contamination level of personnel, combat equipment, material means, animals, and water

VG98 - Measures used in eliminating the effects of the enemy's use of mass-destruction weapons

VG99 - Important measures defined by the division commander when organizing protection against mass-destruction weapons

VG100 - Factors which determine the composition of security elements

VG101 - Main duties of engineer support at the division level

VG102 - Elements included in preparation and maintenance of routes for travel

VG103 - Elements included in engineer preparation of river crossings

VG104 - Ways in which fortifications reduce the degree of injury to personnel from the effects of mass-destruction weapons

VG105 - Points defined by the division commander on organization of engineer support

VG106 - Elements included in the graphic part of the plan

VG107 - Points reflected in the written instructions of the division's engineer support plan

VG108 - Elements included in chemical support

VG109 - Series of measures which make up technical support

VG110 - Categories into which technical support is subdivided

VG111 - Principle measures of technical support

VG112 - Types of technical servicing established for tanks, depending on the number of kilometers covered

VG113 - Types of technical servicing established for motor vehicles

VG114 - Types of repair established depending on the nature and degree of damage, and of labor intensiveness of repair work

VG115 - Elements included in rear service support

VG116 - Elements included in material support

VG117 - Aims of providing medical support

VG118 - Elements included in organization of the division's rear service support

VG119 - Way in which deployment of the division rear service units and subunits is conducted

VG120 - Routes established in the division rear areas

VG121 - Elements employed in conducting rear service support

VG122 - Elements which are provided for by control of the rear service

VG123 - Initial data for preparing the plan of rear service support

VG124 - Items reflected in the division's rear service support plan

VG125 - Elements which are precisely monitored in troop control

VG126 - Factors which could bring on difficulties to the immediate executing elements

VG127 - Measures for performing monitoring, depending on the prevailing conditions

VG128 - Items monitored during the preparation period for battle

VG129 - Items checked during monitoring

VG130 - Most common methods for accomplishing monitoring

VG131 - Times when monitoring by means of using communication equipment is the most beneficial

VG132 - Items the monitoring plan indicates

VG133 - Duties of the officers assigned to monitoring

VG134 - Division commander's planning steps

VG135 - Division commander's planning principles

VG136 - Exercise one

VG137 - Exercise one solution

VG138 - Exercise two

VG139 - Exercise two solution

VG140 - Exercise two solution cont

VG141 - Exercise three

VG142 - Answer three

VG143 - Exercise four

VG144 - Exercise five

VG145 - Exercise six

VG146 - Exercise seven

VG147 - Answer seven

VG148 - Exercise eight

VG149 - Answer eight

VG150 - Exercise nine

VG151 - Answer nine

VG152 - Answer nine cont

VG153 - Answer nine cont

VG154 - Exercise ten

VG155 - Answer ten

VG156 - Exercise eleven

VG157 - Answer eleven

VG158 - Answer eleven cont

VG159 - Exercise twelve

VG160 - Answer twelve

VG161 - Answer twelve cont

VG162 - Exercise thirteen

VG163 - Division combat order

VG164 - Combat instructions from division to regiment

VG165 - Initial instruction to 110th Regiment

VG166 - Combat order of 16th MRD

VG167 - Combat instructions to 112th Regt

VG168 - Combat instruction to regiment to repel counter-attack

VG169 - Combat instruction to second echelon regiment

VG170 - Combat situation report

VG171 - Combat instruction to forward detachment


 
 

LESSON VII - OUTLINE

structure and organization of division troop control organs

duties and responsibilities of commander and staff

work of the command and staff during planning combat actions

work of command and staff during conduct of combat actions

translate army initial instructions into actions to be taken by the division in ordering a regiment to deploy as a covering force.

conduct clarrification of division mission

prepare division time plan schedule for organizing the battle.

prepare division initial instructions to subordinate regiments.

prepare the division correlation of forces

determine the width of division sector and breakthrough sector.

calculate the correlation of forces in the division area and make appropriate deductions.

layout the regimental boundaries for the battle.

determine the deployment times for the attack

prepare combat instructions to regiments.

forcast the likely time division lead elements will meet enemy reserves during the battle.

determine the missions for the division anti-tank reserve and requirements for anti-tank reserves.

determine the time available for preparing missions to the anti-tank reserve

plan the commitment of the division second echelon.

determine the time required for forward detachments to overtake the retreating enemy.

prepare division combat instructions on counter-attacks

prepare combat instructions on the second echelon regiment.

prepare division combat report to the army staff.

prepare combat instructions to division forward detachment.


 
 

DUTIES OF THE DIVISION COMMANDER

making decisions;

assigning missions;

organizing interaction and combat support;

continuously controlling the forces in combat;

monitoring the accomplishment of assigned missions;

helping the troops to achieve the assigned objectives.


 
 

DUTIES CARRIED OUT BY THE ASSISTANTS TO THE COMMANDER AND THE CHIEFS OF COMBAT ARMS AND SERVICES

control and guide the units of combat arms and services;

plan and organize their combat employment;

convey the assigned missions to the troops;

along with the staff, control their execution.


 
 

ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN PREPARATION AND MAINTENANCE OF ROUTES FOR TRAVEL

repairing and restoring existing roads;

engineer preparation of new roads;

establishing column paths;

camouflage of the routes from enemy ground and aerial reconnaissance.


 
 

DUTIES OF THE OFFICERS ASSIGNED TO MONITORING

know well the situation in the division area and its possible development;

understand their missions;

study the conditions;

outline procedures for carrying it out.

 
     
     

DUTIES THE STAFF COORDINATES ON ORGANIZATION

AND CONDUCT OF COMBAT OPERATIONS





DUTIES WHICH THE OFFICERS OF THE OPERATIONS

SECTION CONDUCT







CATEGORIES IN WHICH THE RECONNAISSANCE SECTION

OFFICERS OPERATE













CONTROL POINTS ESTABLISHED IN THE DIVISION IN

ORDER TO CONDUCT TROOP CONTROL





DETAIL NORMALLY PRESENT AT THE DIVISION COMMAND

POST







PERSONNEL WHO MAY BE ASSIGNED AT THE DIVISION'S

FORWARD COMMAND POST







PERSONNEL INCLUDED AT THE ALTERNATE COMMAND

POST







PERSONNEL USUALLY PRESENT AT THE DIVISION'S REAR

CONTROL POINT







BASIS ON WHICH SIGNAL COMMUNICATION IS ORGANIZED







TYPES OF DIVISION SIGNAL COMMUNICATION NET ORGANIZED FOR THE PURPOSE OF TROOP CONTROL IN THE BATTLE


MEANS BY WHICH INTERACTION COMMUNICATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT ELEMENTS IS ESTABLISHED


RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DIVISION DEPUTY COMMANDER


RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE DIVISION'S DEPUTY COMMANDER FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS PART II

ITEMS THE CHIEF OF STAFF REPORTS TO THE COMMANDER







DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE CHIEF OF THE OPERATIONS SECTION







FUNCTIONS OF THE OPERATIONS SECTION'S ASSISTANTS







DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE CHIEF OF RECONNAISSANCE







DUTIES OF THE RECONNAISSANCE SECTION







DUTIES PERFORMED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF ROCKET TROOPS AND ARTILLERY







DUTIES PERFORMED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF AIR DEFENSE







DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS







DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF CHEMICAL

TROOPS













DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF SIGNAL

TROOPS













DUTIES OF THE DIVISION DEPUTY COMMANDER FOR

ARMAMENT AND TECHNICAL MATTERS







DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE DIVISION DEPUTY COMMANDER

FOR REAR SERVICES





ITEMS INCLUDED IN COMMAND AND STAFF PROCEDURE

WHILE CONTROLLING TROOPS DURING BATTLE







DATA INCLUDED IN THE COMMANDER'S DECISION DURING COMBAT ACTIONS OF THE TROOPS


ITEMS WHICH REQUIRE SPECIAL ATTENTION WHEN COLLECTING INFORMATION







SOURCES FROM WHICH THE COMMANDER AND STAFF

ACQUIRE INFORMATION







METHODS FOR GATHERING INFORMATION ABOUT THE

SITUATION







INFORMATION WHICH IS REPORTED IMMEDIATELY







ELEMENTS WHICH MUST BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT WHEN THE DIVISION COMMANDER AND THE CONTROL ORGANS

MAKE THE DECISION FOR THE BATTLE







REQUIREMENTS OF THE DIVISION COMMANDER WHEN

MAKING DECISIONS FOR BATTLE UNDER VARIED

CONDITIONS







COMPONENTS IN THE WORK METHOD REGARDING THE

ADOPTION OF A DECISION







SEQUENCE FOR THE DIVISION COMMANDER'S AND STAFF'S WORK ON THE DECISION







ITEMS THE DIVISION COMMANDER MUST DEFINE DURING

THE CLARIFICATION OF THE MISSION







INITIAL DATA NEEDED TO MAKE AN ESTIMATE

OF THE TIME REQUIRED





MEASURES FOR WHICH TIME IS SPECIFIED WHEN THE

COMMANDER ESTIMATES THE TIME NEEDED







INSTRUCTIONS THE CHIEF OF STAFF ISSUES TO THE STAFF REGARDING THE PREPARATION OF REQUIRED

INFORMATION AND CALCULATIONS TO HELP THE

COMMANDER MAKE HIS DECISION

FACTORS INCLUDED IN THE DIVISION COMMANDER'S

ESTIMATE OF THE SITUATION







ITEMS ANALYZED AND EVALUATED WHEN ASSESSING

THE ENEMY





DEDUCTIONS DERIVED ON THE BASIS OF THE ASSESSMENT OF THE ENEMY UNITS AT THE DIVISION LEVEL


ITEMS DETERMINED BY THE DIVISION COMMANDER AS A

RESULT OF HIS ASSESSMENT OF THE CAPABILITIES,

SITUATION, AND STATUS OF OWN TROOPS

TERRAIN FACTORS INCLUDED IN THE TERRAIN

ASSESSMENT







ITEMS DETERMINED BY THE DIVISION COMMANDER AS A

RESULT OF THE ASSESSMENT OF THE TERRAIN







ITEMS, IN ADDITION TO THE TERRAIN, WHICH ARE

ANALYZED AND EVALUATED IN THE ASSESSMENT OF THE

AREA OF COMBAT ACTION







METHODS FOR WHICH DATA ON EACH OF THE SITUATION

ELEMENTS DISCUSSED ABOVE ARE OBTAINED AND

PROCESSED BY THE APPROPRIATE CONTROL ORGANS







ITEMS EVALUATED WHEN THE METHOD FOR ASSESSING

THE SITUATION ACCORDING TO ITS ELEMENTS IS USED

SPECIFIC FACTORS FOR DETERMINING AND FORMULATING

EACH ELEMENT OF THE DECISION IF TIME TO PREPARE FOR

BATTLE IS LIMITED AND IF THE COMMANDER MUST ADOPT

OR UPDATE HIS DECISION DURING A BATTLE







ISSUES DETERMINED AS A RESULT OF COMPARING THE

CAPABILITIES OF ENEMY AND FRIENDLY TROOPS







ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN THE PLAN WHICH THE OPERATION

SECTION OF THE DIVISION STAFF PREPARES FOR

EVALUATING THE TERRAIN ON THE BASIS OF THE

INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE DIVISION COMMANDER AND

THE CHIEF OF STAFF







DATA PROVIDED BY THE STAFF AND THE CHIEFS OF ARMS

AND SERVICES DURING THE ASSESSMENT OF THE

SITUATION FOR THE COMMANDER







THREE LEVELS OF STAFF PARTICIPATION IN THE

ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION AND FORMULATION OF

THE DECISION BY THE DIVISION COMMANDER

CONTENT OF THE DIVISION COMMANDER'S DECISION







POINTS MARKED ON THE MAP WHEN THE DECISION IS

INITIALLY FORMULATED







ITEMS MARKED ON THE MAP WHILE THE DECISION IS BEING MADE







FACTORS WHICH, IN CONTEMPORARY TIMES, IMPOSE HIGH

REQUIREMENTS FOR ELABORATE AND ADVANCED

PLANNING







MEASURES TAKEN IN ADVANCE WHICH RELATE TO

PLANNING

INITIAL DATA INCLUDED WHEN PLANNING THE DIVISION'S

BATTLE PLAN







ENEMY FORCES







FRIENDLY TROOPS







ELEMENTS INCLUDES IN THE GRAPHIC PART OF THE

DIVISION COMMANDER'S DECISION MAP (PLAN)







DETAILS INCLUDED IN THE WRITTEN INSTRUCTIONS ON

THE

MAP OF THE DIVISION COMMANDER'S DECISION

ITEMS INCLUDED IN THE ANNEXES TO THE MAP OF THE

DIVISION COMMANDER'S DECISION (PLAN)







PLANNING DOCUMENTS PREPARED BY THE OPERATION

SECTION IN ADDITION TO THE DIVISION COMMANDER'S

MAP

OF THE DECISION







MANNER IN WHICH A DECISION MADE OR RECONFIRMED

BY

THE DIVISION COMMANDER IS CONVEYED TO THE

SUBORDINATES







MAIN METHODS FOR ASSIGNING MISSIONS TO THE

TROOPS





ITEMS INDICATED IN THE DIVISION'S OPERATION ORDER

AND THEIR SEQUENCE

POINTS INDICATED IN COMBAT INSTRUCTIONS







ITEMS WHICH INSURE INTERACTION IN BATTLE







CRUCIAL ELEMENTS IN THE CONTENT OF THE WORKING

METHODS OF THE COMMANDER AND HIS STAFF IN

ORGANIZING INTERACTION







ITEMS REFLECTED IN THE PLAN MADE BY THE DIVISION

STAFF WHICH SUPPORTS THE WORK OF THE DIVISION

COMMANDER ON ORGANIZING INTERACTION







ITEMS INDICATED IN THE PLAN IF INTERACTION IS

ORGANIZED BY THE DIVISION COMMANDER ON THE

TERRAIN

ITEMS DETERMINED UPON THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE

DIVISION COMMANDER'S DECISION FOR BATTLE







COMBAT SUPPORT MEASURES AT THE DIVISION LEVEL







ELEMENTS INVOLVED WHEN ORGANIZING ALL-AROUND

SUPPORT FOR THE TROOPS' COMBAT OPERATION







BASIS AND INITIAL DATA FOR ORGANIZING COMBAT

SUPPORT







ITEMS INCLUDED AT ALL TIMES IN THE DIVISION

COMMANDER'S INSTRUCTIONS

MOST IMPORTANT MEASURES FOR ORGANIZING

RECONNAISSANCE







POINTS SPECIFIED BY THE DIVISION COMMANDER IN

ORGANIZING RECONNAISSANCE







ITEMS REFLECTED IN THE RECONNAISSANCE PLAN







METHODS AND TYPES OF RECONNAISSANCE THE DIVISION

CHIEF OF STAFF AND CHIEF OF RECONNAISSANCE

COORDINATE IN ORDER TO CONDUCT RECONNAISSANCE

IN AN EFFECTIVE WAY







MEASURES TAKEN TO PROTECT AGAINST MASS-

DESTRUCTION WEAPONS

AIMS OF FORECASTING AREAS OF DESTRUCTION







ITEMS ESTABLISHED WHEN FORECASTING







FACTORS WHICH DETERMINE THE DISPERSION DEGREE







COMMON METHODS OF PASSAGE







FACTORS DETERMINED BY MONITORING THE RADIATION

LEVEL AND CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION LEVEL OF

PERSONNEL, COMBAT EQUIPMENT, MATERIAL MEANS,

ANIMALS, AND WATER





MEASURES USED IN ELIMINATING THE EFFECTS OF THE

ENEMY'S USE OF MASS-DESTRUCTION WEAPONS







IMPORTANT MEASURES DEFINED BY THE DIVISION

COMMANDER WHEN ORGANIZING PROTECTION AGAINST

MASS-DESTRUCTION WEAPONS







AIMS OF MASKIROVKA







BASIC MEASURES OF MASKIROVKA







MOST IMPORTANT REQUIREMENTS OF MASKIROVKA







PRINCIPLE METHODS OF MASKIROVKA





POINTS THE DIVISION COMMANDER SPECIFIES WHEN

MASKIROVKA IS ORGANIZED







ITEMS REFLECTED IN THE GRAPHIC PART OF THE PLAN







POINTS SPECIFIED IN THE WRITTEN INSTRUCTIONS







POINTS REFLECTED UNDER DIFFERENT COLUMNS IN

TABLE

FORM ON THE WRITTEN FORM OF THE MASKIROVKA PLAN

FACTORS WHICH DETERMINE THE COMPOSITION OF

SECURITY ELEMENTS







MAIN DUTIES OF ENGINEER SUPPORT AT THE DIVISION

LEVEL







ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN PREPARATION AND

MAINTENANCE

OF ROUTES FOR TRAVEL







ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN ENGINEER PREPARATION OF

RIVER

CROSSINGS







WAYS IN WHICH FORTIFICATIONS REDUCE THE DEGREE

OF

INJURY TO PERSONNEL FROM THE EFFECTS OF

MASS-DESTRUCTION WEAPONS

POINTS DEFINED BY THE DIVISION COMMANDER ON

ORGANIZATION OF ENGINEER SUPPORT







ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN THE GRAPHIC PART OF THE PLAN







POINTS REFLECTED IN THE WRITTEN INSTRUCTIONS OF

THE DIVISION'S ENGINEER SUPPORT PLAN







ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN CHEMICAL SUPPORT







SERIES OF MEASURES WHICH MAKE UP TECHNICAL

SUPPORT

CATEGORIES INTO WHICH TECHNICAL SUPPORT IS

SUBDIVIDED







PRINCIPLE MEASURES OF TECHNICAL SUPPORT







TYPES OF TECHNICAL SERVICING ESTABLISHED FOR

TANKS, DEPENDING ON THE NUMBER OF KILOMETERS

COVERED









TYPES OF TECHNICAL SERVICING ESTABLISHED FOR

MOTOR VEHICLES







TYPES OF REPAIR ESTABLISHED DEPENDING ON THE

NATURE AND DEGREE OF DAMAGE, AND OF LABOR

INTENSIVENESS OF REPAIR WORK

ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN REAR SERVICE SUPPORT







ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN MATERIAL SUPPORT







AIMS OF PROVIDING MEDICAL SUPPORT







ELEMENTS INCLUDED IN ORGANIZATION OF THE

DIVISION'S

REAR SERVICE SUPPORT







WAY IN WHICH DEPLOYMENT OF THE DIVISION REAR

SERVICE UNITS AND SUBUNITS IS CONDUCTED

ROUTES ESTABLISHED IN THE DIVISION REAR AREAS







ELEMENTS EMPLOYED IN CONDUCTING REAR SERVICE

SUPPORT







ELEMENTS WHICH ARE PROVIDED FOR BY CONTROL OF

THE REAR SERVICE







INITIAL DATA FOR PREPARING THE PLAN OF REAR

SERVICE

SUPPORT







ITEMS REFLECTED IN THE DIVISION'S REAR SERVICE

SUPPORT PLAN

ELEMENTS WHICH ARE PRECISELY MONITORED IN TROOP

CONTROL







FACTORS WHICH COULD BRING ON DIFFICULTIES TO THE

IMMEDIATE EXECUTING ELEMENTS







MEASURES FOR PERFORMING MONITORING,

DEPENDING ON THE PREVAILING CONDITIONS





ITEMS MONITORED DURING THE PREPARATION PERIOD FOR BATTLE







ITEMS CHECKED DURING MONITORING

MOST COMMON METHODS FOR ACCOMPLISHING

MONITORING







TIMES WHEN MONITORING BY MEANS OF USING

COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT IS THE MOST BENEFICIAL







ITEMS THE MONITORING PLAN INDICATES







DUTIES OF THE OFFICERS ASSIGNED TO MONITORING



BASIS ON WHICH SIGNAL COMMUNICATION IS ORGANIZED


division commander's decision;

instructions of the chief of staff to the chief of signals;

instructions on signal communication received from the higher command (army).



TYPES OF DIVISION SIGNAL COMMUNICATION NET ORGANIZED FOR THE PURPOSE OF TROOP CONTROL IN BATTLE



command;

interaction;

rear service;

warning (air attack and mass-destruction weapons).



MEANS BY WHICH INTERACTION COMMUNICATION IS ESTABLISHED BETWEEN DIFFERENT ELEMENTS


from combined arms units to artillery: by equipment of artillery units;

from ground forces units to air force: through the representatives of aviation units (formations) who are present with their own communication means at the interacting supported formation's control point;

from ground forces units with naval units and ships: by equipments of each interacting formation or through naval representatives at the ground forces control point;

from motorized rifle units with tanks: by radio - with equipment from each interacting unit; land line communication - with equipment of motorized rifle units; by mobile communication means - with equipment of tank units;

among adjacent units: by land line and mobile communication means - from right flank to left; by radio - by each of the interacting units; radio relay - through higher command and equipment of each interacting formation.

DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE CHIEF OF RECONNAISSANCE



Organize, plan, conduct, and inspect measures for maintenance of a high level of combat readiness of reconnaissance forces.

Organize, plan, conduct, and inspect special preparation (training in reconnaissance), operational preparation, and political training, of reconnaissance staffs, division reconnaissance units, and reconnaissance elements of subordinate units.

Prepare calculations on personnel manning, weapons, military equipment, and capabilities of reconnaissance forces and means to perform their missions.

Collect, study, analyze, and derive deductions of reconnaissance information about the enemy and terrain and present the important information to the commander, chief of staff, and chiefs of arms, services, and combat support. In this he is especially interested in the enemy concept of operations and possible intentions as well as enemy capabilities. He insures the timely transmission of information on the enemy to the higher staff, adjacent units, and subordinates.

Derive the aims and tasks of reconnaissance and the allocation of required troops and reconnaissance means to accomplish these from the instructions given by the commander and chief of staff. He designates targets and missions for the reconnaissance forces and means to fulfill the assigned missions.

Prepare the reconnaissance plan and issue missions to the reconnaissance section staff in response to the decision and orders of the commander and chief of staff. The reconnaissance plan is signed by the chief of staff and approved by the commander.

Distribute reconnaissance forces and means of all types and coordinate all efforts of different reconnaissance means in terms of targets, times, and their missions and objectives.

Issue instructions and tasks to division reconnaissance units and instructions on reconnaissance to the staffs of subordinate units.

Prepare reconnaissance units and subunits to fulfill their missions.


DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE CHIEF OF RECONNAISSANCE II



Insure all-around combat support for reconnaissance forces.

Inspect the execution of assigned instructions and orders given to subordinates and chiefs of reconnaissance of subordinate units and provide practical assistance to staffs and commanders of units and sub-units to accomplish reconnaissance missions.

Organize troop control including continuous, reliable, and secret communications with units and subunits (groups) assigned to combat reconnaissance and also with the chiefs of reconnaissance in headquarters of subordinate units.

Insure reception of reconnaissance reports from aircraft and space means and other organs of higher headquarters as well as adjacents and subordinate forces.

Organize plan, conduct, and inspect actions about the protection of reconnaissance units, subunits, and groups against mass-destruction weapons.



DUTIES OF THE RECONNAISSANCE SECTION


obtain and study information on the enemy, terrain, population, and weather;

organize the means to obtain this intelligence;

prepare periodic reports;

organize coded signals between reconnaissance units and staffs at each echelon;

supply reconnaissance information to other staff and units;

organize the staff work of subordinate staffs;

study enemy tactics and equipment and keep a record of enemy combat strength.



DUTIES PERFORMED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF ROCKET TROOPS AND ARTILLERY



Organize, plan, conduct, and inspect measures for achieving higher levels of combat and operational preparation of the division artillery forces.

Organize, plan, conduct, and inspect special operational, combat, and political training of the forces and staff of the rocket troops and artillery of the division and of subordinate units.

Prepare combat calculations on the employment of artillery during the commander's decision making process. He suggests combat employment of rocket troops and artillery.

Know the manning level, situation, conditions, and combat capability of the units and subunits of rockets and artillery. He reports on the situation and combat use of these units during the decision process.

In response to the division commander's decision and the instructions from higher staff on artillery, organize the actions and plan the combat use and activities of the RT&A.

Issues combat missions and combat instructions to the RT&A troops of the division and to the RT&A staffs of the subordinate units.

Organize and plan the grouping of the artillery forces and their preparation of FUP areas. He also insures preparation of firing positions for rockets and artillery units with the objective of providing cover and concealment for the artillery, while they are providing artillery cover and support for the forces on the main attack axis.

Insure preparation of rocket troops and artillery for accomplishment of their assigned missions.

Plan and conduct all-around combat support measures in the interest of RT&A.

Provide constant support and assistance for the division forces with various kinds of ammunition, artillery supplies, weapons, and rockets. He creates supply dumps for artillery combat supplies filled to the designated norms at all levels and then insures transport of ammunition and artillery supplies to the forces during the operation.

Organize interaction of rocket troops and artillery with other division elements and the forces of the army operating in the division area during the conduct of the battle, especially in accomplishment of the most important missions.

Constantly inspect the accomplishment of orders and instructions by subordinate forces.

Renders necessary assistance to division RT&A forces and to subordinate formations and units.



DUTIES PERFORMED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF AIR DEFENSE



organize, plan, conduct, and inspect the high combat readiness of the PVO forces with the aim of covering the division forces and rear service targets from enemy air strikes;

organize, plan, conduct, and inspect the special, operational, combat, and political training of the air defense forces and staffs and of PVO units and subunits of the subordinate units;

prepare calculations and recommendations on the combat employment of air defense forces during the commander's decision making and during the forthcoming combat;

know the situation, status, manning level, and combat capabilities of the units of air defense at any time and stage of the battle and give his suggestions on their combat employment to the division commander;

in accordance with the division commander's decision organize the combat actions of the air defense forces and prepare the plan of their combat actions during the battle;

issue combat decisions and instructions to division air defense forces and to the staffs of the subordinate units;

accomplish the regrouping of the air defense forces, prepare them for the battle, maintain their constant combat readiness for repelling the enemy's air strikes, create the system of air defense reconnaissance, and establish a reliable fire system of air defense;

organize uninterrupted technical preparation of the guided rockets (rockets) of air defense before and during the course of the battle;

organize all-around combat support measures of the PVO forces during the preparation and during the course of the battle;

organizes interaction between units and sub-units of air defense of the division and fighter aviation of the front and the PVO means of the army and PVO of the front and adjacents;

organize and control the establishing of the air defense center for combat control - reconnaissance and notification - the center for signal communications and organization of reliable and constant communications;

perform reliable and constant inspection of the execution of instructions and directives that have been issued to the forces and provide necessary assistance to subordinate air defense units and their staffs.




DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS



organize, plan, conduct, and inspect high combat readiness and operational preparedness of the engineer forces of the division and the engineer sub-units of the units and their staffs for fulfilling support of the forces of the division during battle;

organize, plan, conduct, and inspect the special, operational, combat, and political training of the engineer forces of the division and of the units and their staffs;

prepare combat calculations in support of the commander's decision and for the combat employment of the engineer forces;

know the situation, composition, combat capability, and manning level of the units and sub-units of engineer forces;

prepare and give his recommendations on the combat employment of engineer forces to the division commander, during the commander's decision making process;

in accordance with the division commander's decision and orders and the instructions received from the senior headquarters staff, organize the combat employment and the planning for the engineer forces;

conducts the grouping and deployment of the engineer forces during the preparation phase and according to mission during the conduct of the battle;

prepare, issue, and transmit combat orders (missions) to the division engineer forces and instructions on the use of engineers to the staffs of subordinate units;

organize and conduct engineer reconnaissance of the enemy and terrain during the preparation phase and during the course of the battle and organize the interaction of engineer reconnaissance with general reconnaissance;
provide engineer support for preparation of FUP areas for the first-echelon units and for the covering forces on the border and of deployment areas for the second-echelon units and reserves;

prepare positions for the rocket troops and artillery and the PVO forces;

take engineer measures on blocking enemy surprise attacks during the preparation phase and during the course of the battle;

prepare movement routes for the relocation and maneuver of the second-echelon, rocket troops, PVO forces, and command posts;

prepare engineer construction (fortification) of deployment areas, and division command posts during the preparation phase and during the course of the battle;




DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS PART II



in accordance with the division plan participate in the planning for tactical maskirovka and in taking measures to accomplish it;

participate in planning and support for the defense of forces and rear service installations against enemy use of mass-destruction weapons and in the liquidation of the results of their use and the restoration of the combat capability (effectiveness) of the forces, rear services, and staffs, during the preparation phase and course of the battle.

provide engineer support for the movement and deployment of division forces in the enemy covering force area, support for the breaching of enemy obstacles and mine fields during breakthrough of his prepared defenses, and support for the development of the attack of first-echelon units;

provide engineer support for division forces during the forcing of water obstacles;

provide engineer support for the movement and commitment into the engagement of the division second-echelon forces;

prepare engineer forces for the fulfillment of all combat missions;

plan and conduct all-around combat support for the engineer forces;

provide support of division forces during the preparation phase and the course of the battle by engineer forces and means, weapons, and technical equipment and establish the proper reserves of engineer materials up to the prescribed norms;

organize interaction of engineer forces with other forces and elements of the division during the fulfillment of the most important missions;

organize troop control and create reliable and constant signal communications with the engineer forces and other interaction;

conduct constant, reliable inspection elements of the combat formation of the division with whom they have organized of the fulfillment of all orders and instructions that are sent to subordinates and render them assistance to fulfill their missions.




DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF CHEMICAL TROOPS



organize, plan, conduct, and inspect the high combat readiness and operational preparedness of the chemical forces of the division and the chemical sub-units of the units and their staffs for fulfilling support of the forces of the division for battle;

organize, plan, conduct, and inspect the special, operational, combat, and political training of the chemical forces of the division and of the units and their staffs;

prepare combat calculations in support of the commander's decision and for the combat employment of the chemical forces;

know the situation, composition, combat capability, and manning level of the units, and sub-units of chemical forces;

prepare and give his recommendations on the combat employment of chemical forces to the division commander, during the commander's decision making process;

in accordance with the division commander's decision and orders and the instructions received from the senior headquarters staff, organize the combat employment and the planning for the chemical forces;

conduct the grouping and deployment of the chemical troops during the preparation phase and, according to the mission, during the conduct of the battle;

prepare, issue, and transmit combat orders (missions) to the division chemical forces and instructions on chemical support to the staffs of subordinate units;

organize and conduct radiation and chemical reconnaissance and participate in bacteriological reconnaissance during the preparation phase and during the course of the battle and organize the interaction of chemical reconnaissance with general reconnaissance;

prepare the area for deployment of the division chemical forces with engineer construction (fortification) and insure their cover and maskirovka;

prepare his forces for the fulfillment of combat missions;

organize and conduct special and field cleaning of personnel (decontamination);

organize and conduct disinfection, and decontamination of weapons, equipment, material means, locations, roads, and other items as required;




DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF CHEMICAL TROOPS PART II



monitor the level of radioactive and chemical contamination of personnel and combat equipment, weapons, locations, supplies, and installations;

inspect for changes in the level of contamination and conduct analysis of the radiation and chemical situation.

control the preparation and employment of chemical weapons, bacteriological weapons, smoke means, and fire weapons;

participate in interaction with the operations section, engineer section, and other responsible chiefs of arms and services and the rear staff in organizing and planning for the protection of division forces and rear installations against the enemy use of mass-destruction weapons and plan for the restoration of combat effectiveness and liquidation of the results of such enemy employment of mass weapons;

plan for the all-around combat support of chemical forces;

provide constant support for chemical forces and for units of all arms and services and special services and rear installations of the division with various chemical weapons, supplies, chemical protective gear, ammunition, and chemical technical means;

establish chemical supply depots to the required stockage norms;

organize interaction with other arms and services of the division combat structure during the fulfillment of the most important division missions;

organize troop control and establish constant, reliable signal communications with subordinate chemical units and other elements of the division tactical order with whom the chemical forces interact;

monitor the fulfillment of orders and instructions issued to subordinate forces and renders assistance.




DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF SIGNAL TROOPS



organize, plan, conduct, and inspect high combat readiness and operational preparedness of the signal forces of the division and the signal sub-units of the units and their staffs for fulfilling support of the forces of the division for battle;

organize, plan, conduct, and inspect the special, operational, combat, and political training of the signal forces of the division and of the units and their staffs;

prepare combat calculations in support of the commander's decision and for the combat employment of the signal troops;

know the situation, composition, combat capability, and manning level of the units, and sub-units of signal forces;

prepare and give his recommendations on the combat employment of signal forces for the creation of reliable and constant communications to the division commander;

in accordance with the division commander's decision and orders of the chief of staff and the instructions received from the senior headquarters staff, organize the combat employment and the planning for the signal forces;
organize timely, reliable, uninterrupted, and secret communications with forces, staffs, control organs, and subordinate staffs and adjacents;

plan signal communications in peacetime and during the preparation phase and course of the battle;

conduct the grouping and deployment of the signal forces during the preparation phase and according to mission during the conduct of the battle;

prepare, issue, and transmit combat orders (missions) to the division signal forces and instructions on signal matters to the staffs of subordinate units;

prepare his forces for the fulfillment of combat missions in providing reliable and uninterrupted signal communications during the preparation phase and the course of the battle;

send in a timely manner the signals and commands for raising the forces to various higher levels of combat readiness;

send the warning signals (alerts) on the enemy's preparations to employ nuclear strikes;




DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE DIVISION CHIEF OF SIGNAL TROOPS PART II



send the signal ordering the rocket troops to fire their nuclear strike;

provide support with reliable and uninterrupted signal communications for the commander, chief of staff, and troop control organs with the commanders and staffs of subordinate forces starting from the first combat alert signal to the fulfillment of the subsequent mission (i.e. all the time).

provide signal support for interaction with division forces and units of all arms and services, elements of the division combat order, second-echelons, reserves, and interacting forces of the army which are operating in the division area and with adjacents;

provide support by sending warning signals, data, and commands on the air situation, radiological, chemical, and bacteriological contamination, and meteorological situation in a timely manner;

provide signal support to the rear services with communications between rear service units and installations and the rear of subordinate units;

provide reliable and uninterrupted signal support establish the main and alternate signal centers and organize radio, radio-relay, and telephone nets and directions;

provide mobile signal (courier) service on directions and circular routes between the command posts and other points;

plan and conduct all-around combat support of the signal forces themselves;

organize and conduct replenishment and supply of signal means and their timely repair;

monitor fulfillment of orders and instructions sent to subordinates and their constant control in observation of secrecy of troop control;

offer assistance to subordinates.




DUTIES OF THE DIVISION DEPUTY COMMANDER FOR ARMAMENT AND TECHNICAL MATTERS



participate in the development of the combat and political training plan and the division mobilization plan, and organize their fulfillment within his specialty;

direct the combat and political training of the units and subunits subordinated to him and the technical training of all personnel in the division, to conduct lessons with the division officers and warrant officers with the purpose of studying armament, combat and other equipment, instruments, rockets and ammunition, and the rules of their use;

organize use of armament and of combat and other equipment; draw up the plans of scheduled repairs and technical maintenance, repair and evacuation of armament, combat, armored, motor vehicle and other equipment and instruments; insure its prompt and high-quality fulfillment in the units and sub-units, insuring constant technical serviceability of the material; inspect armament, armored and motor vehicles, and other combat equipment not less than once every three months;

systematically test the personnel's knowledge of the rules of operating, repairing, servicing, evacuating, and preserving armament, armored and motor vehicle equipment, combat and other equipment and instruments;

maintain an awareness of the work, political, and moral qualities of officers, warrant officers and sergeants in units and services immediately subordinated to him;

manage the work of setting up motor pools, the tank practice range and the motor vehicle driving range; implement measures for servicing, preserving, and improving the technical training base; organize and monitor the conduct of internal services in the motor pools;

implement measures for raising the class qualification of division officers, warrant officers, and driver-mechanics;

monitor the correctness of the use of fuel, lubricants, and special fluids;

develop and implement measures for preventing disasters, accidents, breakdowns, and other incidents with armament, armored and motor vehicle, combat, and other equipment, and reveal and study their causes; implement measures for insuring safety when preparing and operating armament and combat and other equipment, and implement fire protection measures.




DUTIES FULFILLED BY THE DIVISION DEPUTY COMMANDER FOR REAR SERVICES

organize, plan, conduct and inspect high combat readiness and mobilization preparedness of the units and institutions of the rear services for fulfilling support of the forces of the division for combat actions;

organize, plan, conduct, and inspect the special, operational, combat, and political training of the rear services staffs, units, and installations;

prepare recommendations on rear services support during the commander's decision making process;

prepare and conduct calculations for accomplishment of rear service support for the battle;

organize, make the decision, and plan rear service support;

prepare the operational order on rear services and instructions on rear service and insure their timely issue to the units and installations of the rear services and the staffs of subordinate units;

support division forces with all types of material supplies and creates supply dumps of materials filled to the approved norms at all levels of preparation and combat;

provide uninterrupted transport of supplies to the combat forces;

prepare lines of communication for supply, evacuation, and support of the reliable movement of transport on these roads and organize the commandant's service on the designated division roads;

render assistance to wounded and sick, their evacuation from the battlefield, their medical treatment in the division medical battalion, and their evacuation to the hospital bases and provide antiepidemic and sanitary measures with the aim of limiting the spread of epidemics in the forces;

organize security, protection, and defense of division rear area depots and installations as well as the complete operational activity in the rear area of the division so that all will be in order;

organize veterinary support and quartering service and also exploitation of local supplies and captured materials;

conduct maneuver and movement of the division mobile material support battalion, supplies of materials, transport means, units, and installations of the division rear, units for evacuation and repair, medical units, and others in a timely manner in accordance with the movement (advance) of the division;

organize establishment of the rear control post and its high quality operation, movement, defense, security, and protection in the FUP area and during the operation;

establish reliable communications with units and installations of the rear service and rear control posts of the subordinate units;

insure timely preparation and issuing of periodic reports on rear service status and activities and data on the situation to higher headquarters;

monitor the fulfillment of issued directives and instructions on rear services and render required assistance to subordinate units and sub-units.




DIVISION COMBAT ORDER


I. Enemy Situation: This is a brief description of the enemy force facing the division and a forecast of his probable course of actions.

II. Missions of army in support of the division and, missions of the adjacents: A description of the support to be received by the actions of army elements in the division area and the activities of adjacent forces relevant to the division's own missions.

III. Concept of the operation: The commander's concept on how he plans to accomplish the division's mission.

IV. I order: The specific assignments to each subordinate element stating exactly what and where and when they are to act.

V. Troop Control: This section describes the locations and movement of the division command posts, signal communication issues, and the commander's deputies and successors.



COMBAT INSTRUCTION FROM DIVISION TO REGIMENT

I. Enemy: Briefer description of the enemy as shown in the combat order.


II. The specific missions of the regiment: A statement of the order to the regiment.

III. The division's actions in support of the regiment and its adjacent units and inter action issues if needed:


IV. Troop control measures: A statement of the troop control measures described in the division operations order.

I Approve ___/---/--- Serial No ___-

Commander 16th MRD SECRET

Gen-Major Ivanov Copy Number --

(Sig)


INITIAL INSTRUCTIONS

Only to the Commander of the 110th MRR

Command Post ___---at (time)--- On (date )---

Map 1:50.000 Aug 1972 ed

The division has received an offensive mission. The time preparation must be completed is _____________.

The division commander has ordered:

1. The regiment is to shift to the state of full combat readiness for the accomplishment of the mission.

2. Units will deploy in assembly areas assigned for the state of full combat readiness. They will establish personnel and equipment mobilization points and accomplish all measures to bring reach wartime strength in terms of personnel, weapons, equipment, ammunition, foodstuffs, POL, clothing, and other material in units and staffs.

3. The regiment will occupy attack departure (FUP) areas. The departure areas will be prepared in terms of engineer work to repel likely enemy aggression and to protect the troops against nuclear, air, and chemical attacks.

4. All surplus equipment and material, and equipment requiring major repairs will be turned over to related organs.

5. Wounded and sick requiring long term treatment will be evacuated to front hospitals.

6. The air defense means will prepare cover and occupy positions to repel likely enemy air attacks.

Division Chief of Operations Division Chief of Staff

Rank Signature Rank Signature

I Approve ___/---/--- Serial No ___-

Commander 16th MRD SECRET

Gen-Major Ivanov Copy Number --

(Sig)

COMBAT ORDER

of the Commander of the 16th MRD for Offensive Battle



Command Post ___---at (time)--- On (date )---

Map 1:50.000 Aug 1972 ed

I. Enemy Situation:

Elements of the enemy's U.S. Vth Corps prepares to initiate military action against our forces. The enemy has prepared a defensive line along the Fulda River to inflict maximum losses on friendly forces from a defensive posture. (Details of first echelon formations and positions.

The enemy's brigade reserve ______________

the counter attack of the brigade reserve is likely from____________

Positions of enemy's brigade artillery are__________

Positions of general support artillery are at ____, _____, and ____.

Totally in the first-echelon of the enemy forces, directly in front of the 16th MRD will be -- mechanized companies, ___tanks, ___ guns and mortars, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

The enemy's division reserve composed of_____________ is deployed in the area:_____________.

Its counter- attack is likely from _________________.

The enemy's second-echelon forces may include ___ nuclear rocket systems, ___ nuclear artillery pieces, ___ mechanized companies, ___ guns and mortars, ___ tanks, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

In the sector of the 16th MRD attack, up to _____________ is likely to operate in the covering (security) zone.

The action of enemy forces will be supported by nuclear capable U. S. air forces and ___ combat helicopters. The enemy can fire ___ nuclear rounds during the initial nuclear strike on 16th MRD targets.



II. Missions of army in support of the division and, missions of the adjacents

a. The following targets in the division's attack area are destroyed by army's rocket troops, and the air force during the initial nuclear strike:

The friendly air force during the offensive battle conducts the air preparatory fire, assault support and accompanying air support as well as air defense cover of divisions' troops and targets. To support the division attack ______ sorties of fighter-bomber aviation squadrons are allocated. _____ sorties of Mi-26 helicopters are allocated for airborne assault. Air cover, and support of the air assault troops is conducted in inter-action with front's fighter and fighter-bomber aircraft.

b. On the right flank, the 11th MRD attacks in the direction of Bebra - Stadtallendorf with an immediate mission to seize the line of Remsfeld - 3 kms south of Roboldshausen and a long range mission to seize the line of Momberg - Wahlen.

The boundary with the division passes through the following points: Eisenach, Ludwigsau, Hill 466, and Dannenrod.

(c.) On the left flank the 18th MRD attacks in the direction of Niederaula - Keldatal with an immediate mission to seize the line of one km south of Lingelbach, and northern edge of Maar and a long range mission to seize the line of Ober Breiderbach, and Meicles.

The boundary with the division passes through the following points: Mohra, Hill 388, Schenksolz, (exclude) Koulbausen,(excluded) Lingelbach and Nieder Breidenbach.

III. Concept of the operation

(Discuss nuclear plan)

Discuss division combat plan:

line of deployment

main attack direction

destroy enemy in area ____.

destroy enemy division reserves located _____.

seize line of immediate mission

continue attack in main direction ____.

end of day seize line of daily mission ______.

division axis of attack for following day ____.

unit as forward detachment axis and mission ___.

allocation of nuclear, chemical, and conventional warheads______.

location for penetration zone_______.

division combat formation (echelons) designations.

IV. I order:

a. The 112th MRR (mission ______)

boundary with adjacent regiment ________.

b. The 16th Tank Regiment (mission _____)

c. The 111st MRR (mission _____)

d. the 110th BMP Motorized Rifle Regiment (mission ____)

e. Rocket Bn.

(1. targets for initial strike_____)

(2. time of delivery of nuclear, chemical,and conventional rockets to the battalion)

(3. directive to monitor targets)

(4. directive on readiness)

(5. instructions on positions)

(6. instructions on locations to deploy)

f. To artillery troops

designate artillery groups

designate missions

specify parameters for preparatory fire (width, duration, density, ammo expenditure, depth of suppression, type of fire, etc.

specify support parameters for assault support and accompanying fire

inflict losses on the enemy's troops during their counterattack

support the division troops during assault river crossing

support and cover the open flanks and gaps between combat formations

support the commitment of the second-echelon troops and reserves;

fight the enemy's artillery and mortars during the conduct of combat action in the depth of the enemy's defense.

g. To division's air defense troops

concentration of main effort (whom to cover)

instructions on interaction, reconnaissance and warning

instructions on combat readiness

instructions on preparation of positions

instructions on movement and relocation

h. Airborne assaults

specify details of composition, time, location, mission, preparation, interaction, cover, and other aspects of each planned desant operation in sequence.

i. To combat and transport helicopter squadron

specific instructions on whom to support and when

designate priority targets and types of missions

i. To division's anti-tank reserve

composition

deployment areas and missions

likely lines to repel counter-attacks

k. To Mobile obstacle detachment (POZ)

composition

deployment area and movement routes

l. To engineer reserve

composition

missions during preparation, attack

deployment location and direction of movement

m. To chemical reserve:

composition

deployment location and direction of movement

missions during combat

n. Time to be prepared for the attack is __________

V. Troop control

The division's command post deploys at____________.

The rear service control point deploys at _________.

The division's forward command post deploys _________.

The direction of relocation of the command post during the conduct of the offensive combat is ________________.

Signal communication from the division CP's with the army's Commander and staff, as well as with subordinate and inter-acting troops' commanders and staff is to be established by radio, radio-relay, telephone, and mobile communications means with strict observation of secure troop control regulations.

My deputies are: the chief of staff, chief of political affairs and the commander of the 112th MRR.

Div's chief of operations section

(signature)

Div's chief of staff

(signature)

I Approve --/--/-- Serial No ___-

Commander 16th MRD SECRET

General Major Ivanov Copy NO.

(signature)


COMBAT INSTRUCTIONS

of the commander of the 16th MRD for

offensive battle to the commander of the 112th MRR



Command Post at ___ at ___(time) on ___ (date)

Map 1:50,000, Aug 1972 edition

I. Enemy

Elements of enemy's _________(details of first echelon including positions)

The enemy's brigade reserve composed of________:

The counter attack of the brigade reserve is likely from the line_________

Positions of enemy's brigade artillery are ___________.

Positions of general support artillery are at ___, ___, and ___.

Totally in the first-echelon of the enemy forces, directly in front of the 16th MRD will be -- mechanized companies, ___tanks, ___ guns and mortars, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

The enemy's division reserve composed of ________________ (details of locations etc).

Its counter-attack is likely from the line _____________

The enemy's second-echelon forces may include ___ nuclear rocket systems, ___ nuclear artillery pieces, ___ mechanized companies, ___ guns and mortars, ___ tanks, ___ anti-tank means and ___ air defense means.

In the sector of the 16th MRD attack, up to ____________is likely to operate in the covering (security) zone.

The action of enemy forces will be supported by nuclear capable U. S. air forces and ___ combat helicopters . The enemy can fire ___ nuclear rounds during the initial nuclear strike on 16th MRD targets.

II. The 112th MRR with _______________(artillery and other supporting units) is to attack the enemy from the line _____________ develop the attack in the direction __________________; destroy the enemy in the area: ________________________; and seize the line of ____________________ as immediate mission. Then the regiment is to develop the attack in the direction of _______________; destroy the enemy in the area:______________________; and seize the line of ____________________ as its subsequent mission. Then the regiment is to continue the attack in the direction of _________________.

The regiment is to breakthrough the enemy's forward defense area, in interaction with _____________ on a _______ kilometer front, and during the artillery preparatory fire destroy and suppress enemy's strong points on the forward line and its immediate vicinity, as well as the enemy's artillery and mortars.

Time to be ready for the attack is _______ .

III. The division's tasks in support of the regiment and the adjacents.

a. In the regiment's sector of the attack the following targets are destroyed by the division's means:

enemy Bde CP in the area ______.

enemy's strong points in areas ___, _____, _____, and ____;

enemy's artillery in areas ____, ___,___, and _____.

b. On the right flank the _____________ attacks and conducts breakthrough of the enemy defense on a ______ kilometer front. Its immediate mission is to destroy the confronting enemy and to seize the line of __________________ and its subsequent mission is to destroy the enemy in its sector and seize the line of _________________. The boundary line with the regiment passes through the following points:____________________

On the left the ______________ attacks with an immediate mission to seize the line of _________ subsequent mission to seize the line of _____________. The boundary line with the regiment passes through the following points:____________________.

IV. Troop control

the division's CP deploys at _______________.

division's rear control point deploys at ________;

division's forward CP deploys ______________.

The direction of relocation of the division's command post during the conduct of the offensive battle is the direction of ____________.

Signal communication from the division's command posts with the army commander and staff, as well as with subordinate and inter-acting troops commanders and staff is to be established by radio, radio-relay, telephone, and mobile communication means, with strict observation of secure troop control regulation.

My deputies are: the chief of staff, chief of political affairs (deputy commander for political affairs), and the commander of the 112th MRR.

Div chief of operations section

(signature)

Div chief of staff

(signature)