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Vasiliya Kessariskogo (St Basil the
Caessaria) This original church was built in 1675 but was burned during the
French occupation of Moscow in 1812. This old picture in Krasovskii's book is
preservedfrom a book Russkoi Starini by A. Martinov. This church was replaced
by another in 1830 that is shown on Svyatini page 131.
The name of the street Tverskaya-Yamskaya speaks of its self as to who were
its dwellers. It is thought that at the beginning of the 15th. century, this
area was settled by the horse team drivers who transited people and mail from
Moscow to Tver. The first mention of the burough was in 1656 when the Pope
Gregory XIII (1534-1611) delegated an ambassador to Russia, Antonio Possevin
who arrived in 1681. He described the burough as bustling and large. Possevin
wrote a narrative of his journey to Russia entitled "Moscowia," which
is a valuable source of the history of that period. The burough was quite
extensive along side the highway. In 1636 there were 55 households, in 1651 the
number of households rose to 96 and in 1684 grew even more. The horse team
drivers lived here till the end of the 19Th. century when railroad
transportation supplanted them. At the end of the 1830s, Tsar Nikolai I granted
the neighborhood funds for the construction of a library. The area now is
heavily urbanized. In 1845, the neighborhood church was consecrated in the name
of Saint Vasilii, bishop of Cappadocia, one of the early propagators of
Christianity. It is believed that prince Vasilii III granted the land for the
burough at the beginning of the 16th. century. The church is first mentioned in
church dossiers for 1620 and 1621. From 1628, the church is refered to as that
of Vasilii the Great of Ceasaria in the burough of horse-team drivers.
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