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VLADIMIR, RUSSIA

 
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The Golden Gate of Vladimir built by Prince Andrei Bogolubsky in 1158 to rival the gate of Kyiv. Andrei had moved his capital from Kyiv to Vladimir and set about making the city a worthy rival. The gate was damaged during the Mongol conquest of 1238. When it was restored but the high earthen ramparts that extended from each side were removed it had to be reinforced by the side structures. The main street now passes to each side of the gate. In the upper part in place of the usual over the gate church there is now a small military museum that has an excellent diorama of the Mongol siege.

 
     

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